Many great teachings have been given to us through the Law and the Prophets and the others that followed them, and for these we should praise Israel for instruction and wisdom. Now, those who read the scriptures must not only themselves understand them, but must also as lovers of learning be able through the spoken and written word to help the outsiders. So my grandfather Jesus, who had devoted himself especially to the reading of the Law and the Prophets and the other books of our ancestors, and had acquired considerable proficiency in them, was himself also led to write something pertaining to instruction and wisdom, so that by becoming familiar also with his book those who love learning might make even greater progress in living according to the law."

You are invited therefore to read it with goodwill and attention, and to be indulgent in cases where, despite our diligent labour in translating, we may seem to have rendered some phrases imperfectly. For what was originally expressed in Hebrew does not have exactly the same sense when translated into another language. Not only this book, but even the Law itself, the Prophecies, and the rest of the books differ not a little when read in the original."

When I came to Egypt in the thirty-eighth year of the reign of Euergetes and stayed for some time, I found opportunity for no little instruction. It seemed highly necessary that I should myself devote some diligence and labour to the translation of this book. During that time I have applied my skill day and night to complete and publish the book for those living abroad who wished to gain learning and are disposed to live according to the law."

Chapter 1"

In Praise of Wisdom

1 All wisdom is from the Lord,
and with him it remains forever."

2 The sand of the sea, the drops of rain,
and the days of eternity - who can count them?"

3 The height of heaven, the breadth of the earth,
the abyss, and wisdom - who can search them out?"

4 Wisdom was created before all other things,
and prudent understanding from eternity."

6 The root of wisdom - to whom has it been revealed?"

Her subtleties - who knows them?"

8 There is but one who is wise, greatly to be feared,
seated upon his throne - the Lord."

9 It is he who created her;
he saw her and took her measure;
he poured her out upon all his works,"

10 upon all the living according to his gift;
he lavished her upon those who love him."

Fear of the Lord Is True Wisdom

11 The fear of the Lord is glory and exultation,
and gladness and a crown of rejoicing."

12 The fear of the Lord delights the heart,
and gives gladness and joy and long life."

13 Those who fear the Lord will have a happy end;
on the day of their death they will be blessed."

14 To fear the Lord is the beginning of wisdom;
she is created with the faithful in the womb."

15 She made among human beings an eternal foundation,
and among their descendants she will abide faithfully."

16 To fear the Lord is fullness of wisdom;
she inebriates mortals with her fruits;"

17 she fills their whole house with desirable goods,
and their storehouses with her produce."

18 The fear of the Lord is the crown of wisdom,
making peace and perfect health to flourish."

19 She rained down knowledge and discerning comprehension,
and she heightened the glory of those who held her fast."

20 To fear the Lord is the root of wisdom,
and her branches are long life."

22 Unjust anger cannot be justified,
for anger tips the scale to one's ruin."

23 Those who are patient stay calm until the right moment,
and then cheerfulness comes back to them."

24 They hold back their words until the right moment;
then the lips of many tell of their good sense."

25 In the treasuries of wisdom are wise sayings,
but godliness is an abomination to a sinner."

26 If you desire wisdom, keep the commandments,
and the Lord will lavish her upon you."

27 For the fear of the Lord is wisdom and discipline,
fidelity and humility are his delight."

28 Do not disobey the fear of the Lord;
do not approach him with a divided mind."

29 Do not be a hypocrite before others,
and keep watch over your lips."

30 Do not exalt yourself, or you may fall
and bring dishonour upon yourself."

The Lord will reveal your secrets
and overthrow you before the whole congregation,
because you did not come in the fear of the Lord,
and your heart was full of deceit."

Chapter 2"

Under Trials, Trust in God

1 My child, when you come to serve the Lord,
prepare yourself for testing."

2 Set your heart right and be steadfast,
and do not be impetuous in time of calamity."

3 Cling to him and do not depart,
so that your last days may be prosperous."

4 Accept whatever befalls you,
and in times of humiliation be patient."

5 For gold is tested in the fire,
and those found acceptable, in the furnace of humiliation."

6 Trust in him, and he will help you;
make your ways straight, and hope in him."

7 You who fear the Lord, wait for his mercy;
do not stray, or else you may fall."

8 You who fear the Lord, trust in him,
and your reward will not be lost."

9 You who fear the Lord, hope for good things,
for lasting joy and mercy."

10 Consider the generations of old and see:
has anyone trusted in the Lord and been disappointed?"

Or has anyone persevered in the fear of the Lord and been forsaken?"

Or has anyone called upon him and been neglected?"

11 For the Lord is compassionate and merciful;
he forgives sins and saves in time of distress."

12 Woe to timid hearts and to slack hands,
and to the sinner who walks a double path!"

13 Woe to the fainthearted who have no trust!"

Therefore they will have no shelter."

14 Woe to you who have lost your nerve!"

What will you do when the Lord's reckoning comes?"

15 Those who fear the Lord do not disobey his words,
and those who love him keep his ways."

16 Those who fear the Lord seek to please him,
and those who love him are filled with his law."

17 Those who fear the Lord prepare their hearts,
and humble themselves before him."

18 Let us fall into the hands of the Lord,
but not into the hands of mortals;
for equal to his majesty is his mercy,
and equal to his name are his works."

Chapter 3"

Duties toward Parents

1 Listen to me your father, O children;
act accordingly, that you may be kept in safety."

2 For the Lord honours a father above his children,
and he confirms a mother's right over her children."

3 Those who honour their father atone for sins,"

4 and those who respect their mother are like those who lay up treasure."

5 Those who honour their father will have joy in their own children,
and when they pray they will be heard."

6 Those who respect their father will have long life,
and those who honour their mother obey the Lord;"

7 they will serve their parents as their masters."

8 honour your father by word and deed,
that his blessing may come upon you."

9 For a father's blessing strengthens the houses of the children,
but a mother's curse uproots their foundations."

10 Do not glorify yourself by dishonouring your father,
for your father's dishonour is no glory to you."

11 The glory of one's father is one's own glory,
and it is a disgrace for children not to respect their mother."

12 My child, help your father in his old age,
and do not grieve him as long as he lives;"

13 even if his mind fails, be patient with him;
because you have all your faculties do not despise him."

14 For kindness to a father will not be forgotten,
and will be credited to you against your sins;"

15 in the day of your distress it will be remembered in your favour;
like frost in fair weather, your sins will melt away."

16 Whoever forsakes a father is like a blasphemer,
and whoever angers a mother is cursed by the Lord."

Humility

17 My child, perform your tasks with humility;
then you will be loved by those whom God accepts."

18 The greater you are, the more you must humble yourself;
so you will find favour in the sight of the Lord."

20 For great is the might of the Lord;
but by the humble he is glorified."

21 Neither seek what is too difficult for you,
nor investigate what is beyond your power."

22 Reflect upon what you have been commanded,
for what is hidden is not your concern."

23 Do not meddle in matters that are beyond you,
for more than you can understand has been shown you."

24 For their conceit has led many astray,
and wrong opinion has impaired their judgment."

25 Without eyes there is no light;
without knowledge there is no wisdom."

26 A stubborn mind will fare badly at the end,
and whoever loves danger will perish in it."

27 A stubborn mind will be burdened by troubles,
and the sinner adds sin to sins."

28 When calamity befalls the proud, there is no healing,
for an evil plant has taken root in him."

29 The mind of the intelligent appreciates proverbs,
and an attentive ear is the desire of the wise."

Alms for the Poor

30 As water extinguishes a blazing fire,
so almsgiving atones for sin."

31 Those who repay favours give thought to the future;
when they fall they will find support."

Chapter 4"

Duties toward the Poor and the Oppressed

1 My child, do not cheat the poor of their living,
and do not keep needy eyes waiting."

2 Do not grieve the hungry,
or anger one in need."

3 Do not add to the troubles of the desperate,
or delay giving to the needy."

4 Do not reject a suppliant in distress,
or turn your face away from the poor."

5 Do not avert your eye from the needy,
and give no one reason to curse you;"

6 for if in bitterness of soul some should curse you,
their Creator will hear their prayer."

7 Endear yourself to the congregation;
bow your head low to the great."

8 Give a hearing to the poor,
and return their greeting politely."

9 Rescue the oppressed from the oppressor;
and do not be hesitant in giving a verdict."

10 Be a father to orphans,
and be like a husband to their mother;
you will then be like a son of the Most High,
and he will love you more than does your mother."

The Rewards of Wisdom

11 Wisdom teaches her children
and gives help to those who seek her."

12 Whoever loves her loves life,
and those who seek her from early morning are filled with joy."

13 Whoever holds her fast inherits glory,
and the Lord blesses the place she enters."

14 Those who serve her minister to the Holy One;
the Lord loves those who love her."

15 Those who obey her will judge the nations,
and all who listen to her will live secure."

16 If they remain faithful, they will inherit her;
their descendants will also obtain her."

17 For at first she will walk with them on tortuous paths;
she will bring fear and dread upon them,
and will torment them by her discipline
until she trusts them,
and she will test them with her ordinances."

18 Then she will come straight back to them again and gladden them,
and will reveal her secrets to them."

19 If they go astray she will forsake them,
and hand them over to their ruin."

Cowardice

20 Watch for the opportune time, and beware of evil,
and do not be ashamed to be yourself."

21 For there is a shame that leads to sin,
and there is a shame that is glory and favour."

22 Do not show partiality, to your own harm,
or deference, to your downfall."

23 Do not refrain from speaking at the proper moment,
and do not hide your wisdom."

24 For wisdom becomes known through speech,
and education through the words of the tongue."

25 Never speak against the truth,
but be ashamed of your ignorance."

26 Do not be ashamed to confess your sins,
and do not try to stop the current of a river."

27 Do not subject yourself to a fool,
or show partiality to a ruler."

28 Fight to the death for truth,
and the Lord God will fight for you."

29 Do not be reckless in your speech,
or sluggish and remiss in your deeds."

30 Do not be like a lion in your home,
or suspicious of your servants."

31 Do not let your hand be stretched out to receive
and closed when it is time to give."

Chapter 5"

Precepts for Everyday Living

1 Do not rely on your wealth,
or say, "I have enough.""

2 Do not follow your inclination and strength
in pursuing the desires of your heart."

3 Do not say, "Who can have power over me?"
for the Lord will surely punish you."

4 Do not say, "I sinned, yet what has happened to me?"
for the Lord is slow to anger."

5 Do not be so confident of forgiveness
that you add sin to sin."

6 Do not say, "His mercy is great,
he will forgive the multitude of my sins,"
for both mercy and wrath are with him,
and his anger will rest on sinners."

7 Do not delay to turn back to the Lord,
and do not postpone it from day to day;
for suddenly the wrath of the Lord will come upon you,
and at the time of punishment you will perish."

8 Do not depend on dishonest wealth,
for it will not benefit you on the day of calamity."

9 Do not winnow in every wind,
or follow every path."

10 Stand firm for what you know,
and let your speech be consistent."

11 Be quick to hear,
but deliberate in answering."

12 If you know what to say, answer your neighbour;
but if not, put your hand over your mouth."

13 honour and dishonour come from speaking,
and the tongue of mortals may be their downfall."

14 Do not be called double-tongued
and do not lay traps with your tongue;
for shame comes to the thief,
and severe condemnation to the double-tongued."

Chapter 6"

1 In great and small matters cause no harm,
and do not become an enemy instead of a friend;
for a bad name incurs shame and reproach;
so it is with the double-tongued sinner."

2 Do not fall into the grip of passion,
or you may be torn apart as by a bull."

3 Your leaves will be devoured and your fruit destroyed,
and you will be left like a withered tree."

4 Evil passion destroys those who have it,
and makes them the laughingstock of their enemies."

Friendship, False and True

5 Pleasant speech multiplies friends,
and a gracious tongue multiplies courtesies."

6 Let those who are friendly with you be many,
but let your advisers be one in a thousand."

7 When you gain friends, gain them through testing,
and do not trust them hastily."

8 For there are friends who are such when it suits them,
but they will not stand by you in time of trouble."

9 And there are friends who change into enemies,
and tell of the quarrel to your disgrace."

10 And there are friends who sit at your table,
but they will not stand by you in time of trouble."

11 When you are prosperous, they become your second self,
and lord it over your servants;"

12 but if you are brought low, they turn against you,
and hide themselves from you."

13 Keep away from your enemies,
and be on guard with your friends."

14 Faithful friends are a sturdy shelter:
whoever finds one has found a treasure."

15 Faithful friends are beyond price;
no amount can balance their worth."

16 Faithful friends are life-saving medicine;
and those who fear the Lord will find them."

17 Those who fear the Lord direct their friendship aright,
for as they are, so are their neighbours also."

Blessings of Wisdom

18 My child, from your youth choose discipline,
and when you have gray hair you will still find wisdom."

19 Come to her like one who plows and sows,
and wait for her good harvest."

For when you cultivate her you will toil but little,
and soon you will eat of her produce."

20 She seems very harsh to the undisciplined;
fools cannot remain with her."

21 She will be like a heavy stone to test them,
and they will not delay in casting her aside."

22 For wisdom is like her name;
she is not readily perceived by many."

23 Listen, my child, and accept my judgment;
do not reject my counsel."

24 Put your feet into her fetters,
and your neck into her collar."

25 Bend your shoulders and carry her,
and do not fret under her bonds."

26 Come to her with all your soul,
and keep her ways with all your might."

27 Search out and seek, and she will become known to you;
and when you get hold of her, do not let her go."

28 For at last you will find the rest she gives,
and she will be changed into joy for you."

29 Then her fetters will become for you a strong defense,
and her collar a glorious robe."

30 Her yoke is a golden ornament,
and her bonds a purple cord."

31 You will wear her like a glorious robe,
and put her on like a splendid crown."

32 If you are willing, my child, you can be disciplined,
and if you apply yourself you will become clever."

33 If you love to listen you will gain knowledge,
and if you pay attention you will become wise."

34 Stand in the company of the elders."

Who is wise? Attach yourself to such a one."

35 Be ready to listen to every godly discourse,
and let no wise proverbs escape you."

36 If you see an intelligent person, rise early to visit him;
let your foot wear out his doorstep."

37 Reflect on the statutes of the Lord,
and meditate at all times on his commandments."

It is he who will give insight to your mind,
and your desire for wisdom will be granted."

Chapter 7"

Miscellaneous Advice

1 Do no evil, and evil will never overtake you."

2 Stay away from wrong, and it will turn away from you."

3 Do not sow in the furrows of injustice,
and you will not reap a sevenfold crop."

4 Do not seek from the Lord high office,
or the seat of honour from the king."

5 Do not assert your righteousness before the Lord,
or display your wisdom before the king."

6 Do not seek to become a judge,
or you may be unable to root out injustice;
you may be partial to the powerful,
and so mar your integrity."

7 Commit no offense against the public,
and do not disgrace yourself among the people."

8 Do not commit a sin twice;
not even for one will you go unpunished."

9 Do not say, "He will consider the great number of my gifts,
and when I make an offering to the Most High God, he will accept it.""

10 Do not grow weary when you pray;
do not neglect to give alms."

11 Do not ridicule a person who is embittered in spirit,
for there is One who humbles and exalts."

12 Do not devise a lie against your brother,
or do the same to a friend."

13 Refuse to utter any lie,
for it is a habit that results in no good."

14 Do not babble in the assembly of the elders,
and do not repeat yourself when you pray."

15 Do not hate hard labour
or farm work, which was created by the Most High."

16 Do not enroll in the ranks of sinners;
remember that retribution does not delay."

17 Humble yourself to the utmost,
for the punishment of the ungodly is fire and worms."

Relations with Others

18 Do not exchange a friend for money,
or a real brother for the gold of Ophir."

19 Do not dismiss a wise and good wife,
for her charm is worth more than gold."

20 Do not abuse slaves who work faithfully,
or hired labourers who devote themselves to their task."

21 Let your soul love intelligent slaves;
do not withhold from them their freedom."

22 Do you have cattle? Look after them;
if they are profitable to you, keep them."

23 Do you have children? Discipline them,
and make them obedient from their youth."

24 Do you have daughters? Be concerned for their chastity,
and do not show yourself too indulgent with them."

25 Give a daughter in marriage, and you complete a great task;
but give her to a sensible man."

26 Do you have a wife who pleases you? Do not divorce her;
but do not trust yourself to one whom you detest."

27 With all your heart honour your father,
and do not forget the birth pangs of your mother."

28 Remember that it was of your parents you were born;
how can you repay what they have given to you?"

29 With all your soul fear the Lord,
and revere his priests."

30 With all your might love your Maker,
and do not neglect his ministers."

31 Fear the Lord and honour the priest,
and give him his portion, as you have been commanded:
the first fruits, the guilt offering, the gift of the shoulders,
the sacrifice of sanctification, and the first fruits of the holy things."

32 Stretch out your hand to the poor,
so that your blessing may be complete."

33 Give graciously to all the living;
do not withhold kindness even from the dead."

34 Do not avoid those who weep,
but mourn with those who mourn."

35 Do not hesitate to visit the sick,
because for such deeds you will be loved."

36 In all you do, remember the end of your life,
and then you will never sin."

Chapter 8"

Prudence and Common Sense

1 Do not contend with the powerful,
or you may fall into their hands."

2 Do not quarrel with the rich,
in case their resources outweigh yours;
for gold has ruined many,
and has perverted the minds of kings."

3 Do not argue with the loud of mouth,
and do not heap wood on their fire."

4 Do not make fun of one who is ill-bred,
or your ancestors may be insulted."

5 Do not reproach one who is turning away from sin;
remember that we all deserve punishment."

6 Do not disdain one who is old,
for some of us are also growing old."

7 Do not rejoice over anyone's death;
remember that we must all die."

8 Do not slight the discourse of the sages,
but busy yourself with their maxims;
because from them you will learn discipline
and how to serve princes."

9 Do not ignore the discourse of the aged,
for they themselves learned from their parents;
from them you learn how to understand
and to give an answer when the need arises."

10 Do not kindle the coals of sinners,
or you may be burned in their flaming fire."

11 Do not let the insolent bring you to your feet,
or they may lie in ambush against your words."

12 Do not lend to one who is stronger than you;
but if you do lend anything, count it as a loss."

13 Do not give surety beyond your means;
but if you give surety, be prepared to pay."

14 Do not go to law against a judge,
for the decision will favour him because of his standing."

15 Do not go traveling with the reckless,
or they will be burdensome to you;
for they will act as they please,
and through their folly you will perish with them."

16 Do not pick a fight with the quick-tempered,
and do not journey with them through lonely country,
because bloodshed means nothing to them,
and where no help is at hand, they will strike you down."

17 Do not consult with fools,
for they cannot keep a secret."

18 In the presence of strangers do nothing that is to be kept secret,
for you do not know what they will divulge."

19 Do not reveal your thoughts to anyone,
or you may drive away your happiness."

Chapter 9"

Advice Concerning Women

1 Do not be jealous of the wife of your bosom,
or you will teach her an evil lesson to your own hurt."

2 Do not give yourself to a woman
and let her trample down your strength."

3 Do not go near a loose woman,
or you will fall into her snares."

4 Do not dally with a singing girl,
or you will be caught by her tricks."

5 Do not look intently at a virgin,
or you may stumble and incur penalties for her."

6 Do not give yourself to prostitutes,
or you may lose your inheritance."

7 Do not look around in the streets of a city,
or wander about in its deserted sections."

8 Turn away your eyes from a shapely woman,
and do not gaze at beauty belonging to another;
many have been seduced by a woman's beauty,
and by it passion is kindled like a fire."

9 Never dine with another man's wife,
or revel with her at wine;
or your heart may turn aside to her,
and in blood you may be plunged into destruction."

Choice of Friends

10 Do not abandon old friends,
for new ones cannot equal them."

A new friend is like new wine;
when it has aged, you can drink it with pleasure."

11 Do not envy the success of sinners,
for you do not know what their end will be like."

12 Do not delight in what pleases the ungodly;
remember that they will not be held guiltless all their lives."

13 Keep far from those who have power to kill,
and you will not be haunted by the fear of death."

But if you approach them, make no misstep,
or they may rob you of your life."

Know that you are stepping among snares,
and that you are walking on the city battlements."

14 As much as you can, aim to know your neighbours,
and consult with the wise."

15 Let your conversation be with intelligent people,
and let all your discussion be about the law of the Most High."

16 Let the righteous be your dinner companions,
and let your glory be in the fear of the Lord."

Concerning Rulers

17 A work is praised for the skill of the artisan;
so a people's leader is proved wise by his words."

18 The loud of mouth are feared in their city,
and the one who is reckless in speech is hated."

Chapter 10"

1 A wise magistrate educates his people,
and the rule of an intelligent person is well ordered."

2 As the people's judge is, so are his officials;
as the ruler of the city is, so are all its inhabitants."

3 An undisciplined king ruins his people,
but a city becomes fit to live in through the understanding of its rulers."

4 The government of the earth is in the hand of the Lord,
and over it he will raise up the right leader for the time."

5 Human success is in the hand of the Lord,
and it is he who confers honour upon the lawgiver."

The Sin of Pride"

6 Do not get angry with your neighbour for every injury,
and do not resort to acts of insolence."

7 Arrogance is hateful to the Lord and to mortals,
and injustice is outrageous to both."

8 Sovereignty passes from nation to nation
on account of injustice and insolence and wealth."

9 How can dust and ashes be proud?
Even in life the human body decays."

10 A long illness baffles the physician;
the king of today will die tomorrow."

11 For when one is dead
he inherits maggots and vermin and worms."

12 The beginning of human pride is to forsake the Lord;
the heart has withdrawn from its Maker."

13 For the beginning of pride is sin,
and the one who clings to it pours out abominations."

Therefore the Lord brings upon them unheard-of calamities,
and destroys them completely."

14 The Lord overthrows the thrones of rulers,
and enthrones the lowly in their place."

15 The Lord plucks up the roots of the nations,
and plants the humble in their place."

16 The Lord lays waste the lands of the nations,
and destroys them to the foundations of the earth."

17 He removes some of them and destroys them,
and erases the memory of them from the earth."

18 Pride was not created for human beings,
or violent anger for those born of women."

Persons Deserving honour

19 Whose offspring are worthy of honour?
Human offspring."

Whose offspring are worthy of honour?
Those who fear the Lord."

Whose offspring are unworthy of honour?
Human offspring."

Whose offspring are unworthy of honour?
Those who break the commandments."

20 Among family members their leader is worthy of honour,
but those who fear the Lord are worthy of honour in his eyes."

22 The rich, and the eminent, and the poor -
their glory is the fear of the Lord."

23 It is not right to despise one who is intelligent but poor,
and it is not proper to honour one who is sinful."

24 The prince and the judge and the ruler are honoured,
but none of them is greater than the one who fears the Lord."

25 Free citizens will serve a wise servant,
and an intelligent person will not complain."

Concerning Humility

26 Do not make a display of your wisdom when you do your work,
and do not boast when you are in need."

27 Better is the worker who has goods in plenty
than the boaster who lacks bread."

28 My child, honour yourself with humility,
and give yourself the esteem you deserve."

29 Who will acquit those who condemn themselves?
And who will honour those who dishonour themselves?"

30 The poor are honoured for their knowledge,
while the rich are honoured for their wealth."

31 One who is honoured in poverty, how much more in wealth!
And one dishonoured in wealth, how much more in poverty!"

Chapter 11"

The Deceptiveness of Appearances

1 The wisdom of the humble lifts their heads high,
and seats them among the great."

2 Do not praise individuals for their good looks,
or loathe anyone because of appearance alone."

3 The bee is small among flying creatures,
but what it produces is the best of sweet things."

4 Do not boast about wearing fine clothes,
and do not exalt yourself when you are honoured;
for the works of the Lord are wonderful,
and his works are concealed from humankind."

5 Many kings have had to sit on the ground,
but one who was never thought of has worn a crown."

6 Many rulers have been utterly disgraced,
and the honoured have been handed over to others."

Deliberation and Caution

7 Do not find fault before you investigate;
examine first, and then criticize."

8 Do not answer before you listen,
and do not interrupt when another is speaking."

9 Do not argue about a matter that does not concern you,
and do not sit with sinners when they judge a case."

10 My child, do not busy yourself with many matters;
if you multiply activities, you will not be held blameless."

If you pursue, you will not overtake,
and by fleeing you will not escape."

11 There are those who work and struggle and hurry,
but are so much the more in want."

12 There are others who are slow and need help,
who lack strength and abound in poverty;
but the eyes of the Lord look kindly upon them;
he lifts them out of their lowly condition"

13 and raises up their heads
to the amazement of the many."

14 Good things and bad, life and death,
poverty and wealth, come from the Lord."

17 The Lord's gift remains with the devout,
and his favour brings lasting success."

18 One becomes rich through diligence and self-denial,
and the reward allotted to him is this:"

19 when he says, "I have found rest,
and now I shall feast on my goods!"
he does not know how long it will be
until he leaves them to others and dies."

20 Stand by your agreement and attend to it,
and grow old in your work."

21 Do not wonder at the works of a sinner,
but trust in the Lord and keep at your job;
for it is easy in the sight of the Lord
to make the poor rich suddenly, in an instant."

22 The blessing of the Lord is the reward of the pious,
and quickly God causes his blessing to flourish."

23 Do not say, "What do I need,
and what further benefit can be mine?""

24 Do not say, "I have enough,
and what harm can come to me now?""

25 In the day of prosperity, adversity is forgotten,
and in the day of adversity, prosperity is not remembered."

26 For it is easy for the Lord on the day of death
to reward individuals according to their conduct."

27 An hour's misery makes one forget past delights,
and at the close of one's life one's deeds are revealed."

28 Call no one happy before his death;
by how he ends, a person becomes known."

Care in Choosing Friends

29 Do not invite everyone into your home,
for many are the tricks of the crafty."

30 Like a decoy partridge in a cage, so is the mind of the proud,
and like spies they observe your weakness;"

31 for they lie in wait, turning good into evil,
and to worthy actions they attach blame."

32 From a spark many coals are kindled,
and a sinner lies in wait to shed blood."

33 Beware of scoundrels, for they devise evil,
and they may ruin your reputation forever."

34 Receive strangers into your home and they will stir up trouble for you,
and will make you a stranger to your own family."

Chapter 12"

1 If you do good, know to whom you do it,
and you will be thanked for your good deeds."

2 Do good to the devout, and you will be repaid -
if not by them, certainly by the Most High."

3 No good comes to one who persists in evil
or to one who does not give alms."

4 Give to the devout, but do not help the sinner."

5 Do good to the humble, but do not give to the ungodly;
hold back their bread, and do not give it to them,
for by means of it they might subdue you;
then you will receive twice as much evil
for all the good you have done to them."

6 For the Most High also hates sinners
and will inflict punishment on the ungodly."

7 Give to the one who is good, but do not help the sinner."

8 A friend is not known in prosperity,
nor is an enemy hidden in adversity."

9 One's enemies are friendly when one prospers,
but in adversity even one's friend disappears."

10 Never trust your enemy,
for like corrosion in copper, so is his wickedness."

11 Even if he humbles himself and walks bowed down,
take care to be on your guard against him."

Be to him like one who polishes a mirror,
to be sure it does not become completely tarnished."

12 Do not put him next to you,
or he may overthrow you and take your place."

Do not let him sit at your right hand,
or else he may try to take your own seat,
and at last you will realize the truth of my words,
and be stung by what I have said."

13 Who pities a snake charmer when he is bitten,
or all those who go near wild animals?"

14 So no one pities a person who associates with a sinner
and becomes involved in the other's sins."

15 He stands by you for a while,
but if you falter, he will not be there."

16 An enemy speaks sweetly with his lips,
but in his heart he plans to throw you into a pit;
an enemy may have tears in his eyes,
but if he finds an opportunity he will never have enough of your blood."

17 If evil comes upon you, you will find him there ahead of you;
pretending to help, he will trip you up."

18 Then he will shake his head, and clap his hands,
and whisper much, and show his true face."

Chapter 13"

Caution Regarding Associates

1 Whoever touches pitch gets dirty,
and whoever associates with a proud person becomes like him."

2 Do not lift a weight too heavy for you,
or associate with one mightier and richer than you."

How can the clay pot associate with the iron kettle?"

The pot will strike against it and be smashed."

3 A rich person does wrong, and even adds insults;
a poor person suffers wrong, and must add apologies."

4 A rich person will exploit you if you can be of use to him,
but if you are in need he will abandon you."

5 If you own something, he will live with you;
he will drain your resources without a qualm."

6 When he needs you he will deceive you,
and will smile at you and encourage you;
he will speak to you kindly and say, "What do you need?""

7 He will embarrass you with his delicacies,
until he has drained you two or three times,
and finally he will laugh at you."

Should he see you afterwards, he will pass you by
and shake his head at you."

8 Take care not to be led astray
and humiliated when you are enjoying yourself."

9 When an influential person invites you, be reserved,
and he will invite you more insistently."

10 Do not be forward, or you may be rebuffed;
do not stand aloof, or you will be forgotten."

11 Do not try to treat him as an equal,
or trust his lengthy conversations;
for he will test you by prolonged talk,
and while he smiles he will be examining you."

12 Cruel are those who do not keep your secrets;
they will not spare you harm or imprisonment."

13 Be on your guard and very careful,
for you are walking about with your own downfall."

15 Every creature loves its like,
and every person the neighbour."

16 All living beings associate with their own kind,
and people stick close to those like themselves."

17 What does a wolf have in common with a lamb?
No more has a sinner with the devout."

18 What peace is there between a hyena and a dog?
And what peace between the rich and the poor?"

19 Wild asses in the wilderness are the prey of lions;
likewise the poor are feeding grounds for the rich."

20 Humility is an abomination to the proud;
likewise the poor are an abomination to the rich."

21 When the rich person totters, he is supported by friends,
but when the humble falls, he is pushed away even by friends."

22 If the rich person slips, many come to the rescue;
he speaks unseemly words, but they justify him."

If the humble person slips, they even criticize him;
he talks sense, but is not given a hearing."

23 The rich person speaks and all are silent;
they extol to the clouds what he says."

The poor person speaks and they say, "Who is this fellow?""

And should he stumble, they even push him down."

24 Riches are good if they are free from sin;
poverty is evil only in the opinion of the ungodly."

25 The heart changes the countenance,
either for good or for evil."

26 The sign of a happy heart is a cheerful face,
but to devise proverbs requires painful thinking."

Chapter 14"

1 Happy are those who do not blunder with their lips,
and need not suffer remorse for sin."

2 Happy are those whose hearts do not condemn them,
and who have not given up their hope."

Responsible Use of Wealth

3 Riches are inappropriate for a small-minded person;
and of what use is wealth to a miser?"

4 What he denies himself he collects for others;
and others will live in luxury on his goods."

5 If one is mean to himself, to whom will he be generous?"

He will not enjoy his own riches."

6 No one is worse than one who is grudging to himself;
this is the punishment for his meanness."

7 If ever he does good, it is by mistake;
and in the end he reveals his meanness."

8 The miser is an evil person;
he turns away and disregards people."

9 The eye of the greedy person is not satisfied with his share;
greedy injustice withers the soul."

10 A miser begrudges bread,
and it is lacking at his table."

11 My child, treat yourself well, according to your means,
and present worthy offerings to the Lord."

12 Remember that death does not tarry,
and the decree of Hades has not been shown to you."

13 Do good to friends before you die,
and reach out and give to them as much as you can."

14 Do not deprive yourself of a day's enjoyment;
do not let your share of desired good pass by you."

15 Will you not leave the fruit of your labours to another,
and what you acquired by toil to be divided by lot?"

16 Give, and take, and indulge yourself,
because in Hades one cannot look for luxury."

17 All living beings become old like a garment,
for the decree from of old is, "You must die!""

18 Like abundant leaves on a spreading tree
that sheds some and puts forth others,
so are the generations of flesh and blood:
one dies and another is born."

19 Every work decays and ceases to exist,
and the one who made it will pass away with it."

The Happiness of Seeking Wisdom

20 Happy is the person who meditates on wisdom
and reasons intelligently,"

21 who reflects in his heart on her ways
and ponders her secrets,"

22 pursuing her like a hunter,
and lying in wait on her paths;"

23 who peers through her windows
and listens at her doors;"

24 who camps near her house
and fastens his tent peg to her walls;"

25 who pitches his tent near her,
and so occupies an excellent lodging place;"

26 who places his children under her shelter,
and lodges under her boughs;"

27 who is sheltered by her from the heat,
and dwells in the midst of her glory."

Chapter 15"

1 Whoever fears the Lord will do this,
and whoever holds to the law will obtain wisdom."

2 She will come to meet him like a mother,
and like a young bride she will welcome him."

3 She will feed him with the bread of learning,
and give him the water of wisdom to drink."

4 He will lean on her and not fall,
and he will rely on her and not be put to shame."

5 She will exalt him above his neighbours,
and will open his mouth in the midst of the assembly."

6 He will find gladness and a crown of rejoicing,
and will inherit an everlasting name."

7 The foolish will not obtain her,
and sinners will not see her."

8 She is far from arrogance,
and liars will never think of her."

9 Praise is unseemly on the lips of a sinner,
for it has not been sent from the Lord."

10 For in wisdom must praise be uttered,
and the Lord will make it prosper."

Freedom of Choice

11 Do not say, "It was the Lord's doing that I fell away;"
for he does not do what he hates."

12 Do not say, "It was he who led me astray;"
for he has no need of the sinful."

13 The Lord hates all abominations;
such things are not loved by those who fear him."

14 It was he who created humankind in the beginning,
and he left them in the power of their own free choice."

15 If you choose, you can keep the commandments,
and to act faithfully is a matter of your own choice."

16 He has placed before you fire and water;
stretch out your hand for whichever you choose."

17 Before each person are life and death,
and whichever one chooses will be given."

18 For great is the wisdom of the Lord;
he is mighty in power and sees everything;"

19 his eyes are on those who fear him,
and he knows every human action."

20 He has not commanded anyone to be wicked,
and he has not given anyone permission to sin."

Chapter 16"

God's Punishment of Sinners

1 Do not desire a multitude of worthless children,
and do not rejoice in ungodly offspring."

2 If they multiply, do not rejoice in them,
unless the fear of the Lord is in them."

3 Do not trust in their survival,
or rely on their numbers;
for one can be better than a thousand,
and to die childless is better than to have ungodly children."

4 For through one intelligent person a city can be filled with people,
but through a clan of outlaws it becomes desolate."

5 Many such things my eye has seen,
and my ear has heard things more striking than these."

6 In an assembly of sinners a fire is kindled,
and in a disobedient nation wrath blazes up."

7 He did not forgive the ancient giants
who revolted in their might."

8 He did not spare the neighbours of Lot,
whom he loathed on account of their arrogance."

9 He showed no pity on the doomed nation,
on those dispossessed because of their sins;"

10 or on the six hundred thousand foot soldiers
who assembled in their stubbornness."

11 Even if there were only one stiff-necked person,
it would be a wonder if he remained unpunished."

For mercy and wrath are with the Lord;
he is mighty to forgive - but he also pours out wrath."

12 Great as is his mercy, so also is his chastisement;
he judges a person according to his or her deeds."

13 The sinner will not escape with plunder,
and the patience of the godly will not be frustrated."

14 He makes room for every act of mercy;
everyone receives in accordance with his or her deeds."

17 Do not say, "I am hidden from the Lord,
and who from on high has me in mind?"

Among so many people I am unknown,
for what am I in a boundless creation?"

18 Lo, heaven and the highest heaven,
the abyss and the earth, tremble at his visitation!"

19 The very mountains and the foundations of the earth
quiver and quake when he looks upon them."

20 But no human mind can grasp this,
and who can comprehend his ways?"

21 Like a tempest that no one can see,
so most of his works are concealed."

22 Who is to announce his acts of justice?"

Or who can await them? For his decree is far off.""

23 Such are the thoughts of one devoid of understanding;
a senseless and misguided person thinks foolishly."

God's Wisdom Seen in Creation

24 Listen to me, my child, and acquire knowledge,
and pay close attention to my words."

25 I will impart discipline precisely
and declare knowledge accurately."

26 When the Lord created his works from the beginning,
and, in making them, determined their boundaries,"

27 he arranged his works in an eternal order,
and their dominion for all generations."

They neither hunger nor grow weary,
and they do not abandon their tasks."

28 They do not crowd one another,
and they never disobey his word."

29 Then the Lord looked upon the earth,
and filled it with his good things."

30 With all kinds of living beings he covered its surface,
and into it they must return."

Chapter 17"

1 The Lord created human beings out of earth,
and makes them return to it again."

2 He gave them a fixed number of days,
but granted them authority over everything on the earth."

3 He endowed them with strength like his own,
and made them in his own image."

4 He put the fear of them in all living beings,
and gave them dominion over beasts and birds."

6 Discretion and tongue and eyes,
ears and a mind for thinking he gave them."

7 He filled them with knowledge and understanding,
and showed them good and evil."

8 He put the fear of him into their hearts
to show them the majesty of his works."

10 And they will praise his holy name,"

9 to proclaim the grandeur of his works."

11 He bestowed knowledge upon them,
and allotted to them the law of life."

12 He established with them an eternal covenant,
and revealed to them his decrees."

13 Their eyes saw his glorious majesty,
and their ears heard the glory of his voice."

14 He said to them, "Beware of all evil.""

And he gave commandment to each of them concerning the neighbour."

15 Their ways are always known to him;
they will not be hid from his eyes."

17 He appointed a ruler for every nation,
but Israel is the Lord's own portion."

19 All their works are as clear as the sun before him,
and his eyes are ever upon their ways."

20 Their iniquities are not hidden from him,
and all their sins are before the Lord."

22 One's almsgiving is like a signet ring with the Lord,
and he will keep a person's kindness like the apple of his eye."

23 Afterward he will rise up and repay them,
and he will bring their recompense on their heads."

24 Yet to those who repent he grants a return,
and he encourages those who are losing hope."

A Call to Repentance"

25 Turn back to the Lord and forsake your sins;
pray in his presence and lessen your offense."

26 Return to the Most High and turn away from iniquity,
and hate intensely what he abhors."

27 Who will sing praises to the Most High in Hades
in place of the living who give thanks?"

28 From the dead, as from one who does not exist, thanksgiving has ceased;
those who are alive and well sing the Lord's praises."

29 How great is the mercy of the Lord,
and his forgiveness for those who return to him!"

30 For not everything is within human capability,
since human beings are not immortal."

31 What is brighter than the sun? Yet it can be eclipsed."

So flesh and blood devise evil."

32 He marshals the host of the height of heaven;
but all human beings are dust and ashes."

Chapter 18"

The Majesty of God

1 He who lives forever created the whole universe;"

2 the Lord alone is just."

4 To none has he given power to proclaim his works;
and who can search out his mighty deeds?"

5 Who can measure his majestic power?"

And who can fully recount his mercies?"

6 It is not possible to diminish or increase them,
nor is it possible to fathom the wonders of the Lord."

7 When human beings have finished, they are just beginning,
and when they stop, they are still perplexed."

8 What are human beings, and of what use are they?"

What is good in them, and what is evil?"

9 The number of days in their life is great if they reach one hundred years."

10 Like a drop of water from the sea and a grain of sand,
so are a few years among the days of eternity."

11 That is why the Lord is patient with them
and pours out his mercy upon them."

12 He sees and recognizes that their end is miserable;
therefore he grants them forgiveness all the more."

13 The compassion of human beings is for their neighbours,
but the compassion of the Lord is for every living thing."

He rebukes and trains and teaches them,
and turns them back, as a shepherd his flock."

14 He has compassion on those who accept his discipline
and who are eager for his precepts."

The Right Spirit in Giving Alms

15 My child, do not mix reproach with your good deeds,
or spoil your gift by harsh words."

16 Does not the dew give relief from the scorching heat?
So a word is better than a gift."

17 Indeed, does not a word surpass a good gift?
Both are to be found in a gracious person."

18 A fool is ungracious and abusive,
and the gift of a grudging giver makes the eyes dim."

The Need of Reflection and Self-Control

19 Before you speak, learn;
and before you fall ill, take care of your health."

20 Before judgment comes, examine yourself;
and at the time of scrutiny you will find forgiveness."

21 Before falling ill, humble yourself;
and when you have sinned, repent."

22 Let nothing hinder you from paying a vow promptly,
and do not wait until death to be released from it."

23 Before making a vow, prepare yourself;
do not be like one who puts the Lord to the test."

24 Think of his wrath on the day of death,
and of the moment of vengeance when he turns away his face."

25 In the time of plenty think of the time of hunger;
in days of wealth think of poverty and need."

26 From morning to evening conditions change;
all things move swiftly before the Lord."

27 One who is wise is cautious in everything;
when sin is all around, one guards against wrongdoing."

28 Every intelligent person knows wisdom,
and praises the one who finds her."

29 Those who are skilled in words become wise themselves,
and pour forth apt proverbs."

Self-Control"

30 Do not follow your base desires,
but restrain your appetites."

31 If you allow your soul to take pleasure in base desire,
it will make you the laughingstock of your enemies."

32 Do not revel in great luxury,
or you may become impoverished by its expense."

33 Do not become a beggar by feasting with borrowed money,
when you have nothing in your purse."

Chapter 19"

1 The one who does this will not become rich;
one who despises small things will fail little by little."

2 Wine and women lead intelligent men astray,
and the man who consorts with prostitutes is reckless."

3 Decay and worms will take possession of him,
and the reckless person will be snatched away."

Against Loose Talk

4 One who trusts others too quickly has a shallow mind,
and one who sins does wrong to himself."

5 One who rejoices in wickedness will be condemned,"

6 but one who hates gossip has less evil."

7 Never repeat a conversation,
and you will lose nothing at all."

8 With friend or foe do not report it,
and unless it would be a sin for you, do not reveal it;"

9 for someone may have heard you and watched you,
and in time will hate you."

10 Have you heard something? Let it die with you."

Be brave, it will not make you burst!"

11 Having heard something, the fool suffers birth pangs
like a woman in labour with a child."

12 Like an arrow stuck in a person's thigh,
so is gossip inside a fool."

13 Question a friend; perhaps he did not do it;
or if he did, so that he may not do it again."

14 Question a neighbour; perhaps he did not say it;
or if he said it, so that he may not repeat it."

15 Question a friend, for often it is slander;
so do not believe everything you hear."

16 A person may make a slip without intending it.
Who has not sinned with his tongue?"

17 Question your neighbour before you threaten him;
and let the law of the Most High take its course."

True and False Wisdom

20 The whole of wisdom is fear of the Lord,
and in all wisdom there is the fulfillment of the law."

22 The knowledge of wickedness is not wisdom,
nor is there prudence in the counsel of sinners."

23 There is a cleverness that is detestable,
and there is a fool who merely lacks wisdom."

24 Better are the God-fearing who lack understanding
than the highly intelligent who transgress the law."

25 There is a cleverness that is exact but unjust,
and there are people who abuse favours to gain a verdict."

26 There is the villain bowed down in mourning,
but inwardly he is full of deceit."

27 He hides his face and pretends not to hear,
but when no one notices, he will take advantage of you."

28 Even if lack of strength keeps him from sinning,
he will nevertheless do evil when he finds the opportunity."

29 A person is known by his appearance,
and a sensible person is known when first met, face to face."

30 A person's attire and hearty laughter,
and the way he walks, show what he is."

Chapter 20"

Silence and Speech

1 There is a rebuke that is untimely,
and there is the person who is wise enough to keep silent."

2 How much better it is to rebuke than to fume!"

3 And the one who admits his fault will be kept from failure."

4 Like a eunuch lusting to violate a girl
is the person who does right under compulsion."

5 Some people keep silent and are thought to be wise,
while others are detested for being talkative."

6 Some people keep silent because they have nothing to say,
while others keep silent because they know when to speak."

7 The wise remain silent until the right moment,
but a boasting fool misses the right moment."

8 Whoever talks too much is detested,
and whoever pretends to authority is hated."

Paradoxes"

9 There may be good fortune for a person in adversity,
and a windfall may result in a loss."

10 There is the gift that profits you nothing,
and the gift to be paid back double."

11 There are losses for the sake of glory,
and there are some who have raised their heads from humble circumstances."

12 Some buy much for little,
but pay for it seven times over."

13 The wise make themselves beloved by only few words,
but the courtesies of fools are wasted."

14 A fool's gift will profit you nothing,
for he looks for recompense sevenfold."

15 He gives little and upbraids much;
he opens his mouth like a town crier."

Today he lends and tomorrow he asks it back;
such a one is hateful to God and humans."

16 The fool says, "I have no friends,
and I get no thanks for my good deeds."

Those who eat my bread are evil-tongued.""

17 How many will ridicule him, and how often!"

Inappropriate Speech"

18 A slip on the pavement is better than a slip of the tongue;
the downfall of the wicked will occur just as speedily."

19 A coarse person is like an inappropriate story,
continually on the lips of the ignorant."

20 A proverb from a fool's lips will be rejected,
for he does not tell it at the proper time."

21 One may be prevented from sinning by poverty;
so when he rests he feels no remorse."

22 One may lose his life through shame,
or lose it because of human respect."

23 Another out of shame makes promises to a friend,
and so makes an enemy for nothing."

Lying

24 A lie is an ugly blot on a person;
it is continually on the lips of the ignorant."

25 A thief is preferable to a habitual liar,
but the lot of both is ruin."

26 A liar's way leads to disgrace,
and his shame is ever with him."

Proverbial Sayings"

27 The wise person advances himself by his words,
and one who is sensible pleases the great."

28 Those who cultivate the soil heap up their harvest,
and those who please the great atone for injustice."

29 favours and gifts blind the eyes of the wise;
like a muzzle on the mouth they stop reproofs."

30 Hidden wisdom and unseen treasure,
of what value is either?"

31 Better are those who hide their folly
than those who hide their wisdom."

Chapter 21"

Various Sins"

1 Have you sinned, my child? Do so no more,
but ask forgiveness for your past sins."

2 Flee from sin as from a snake;
for if you approach sin, it will bite you."

Its teeth are lion's teeth,
and can destroy human lives."

3 All lawlessness is like a two-edged sword;
there is no healing for the wound it inflicts."

4 Panic and insolence will waste away riches;
thus the house of the proud will be laid waste."

5 The prayer of the poor goes from their lips to the ears of God,
and his judgment comes speedily."

6 Those who hate reproof walk in the sinner's steps,
but those who fear the Lord repent in their heart."

7 The mighty in speech are widely known;
when they slip, the sensible person knows it."

8 Whoever builds his house with other people's money
is like one who gathers stones for his burial mound."

9 An assembly of the wicked is like a bundle of tow,
and their end is a blazing fire."

10 The way of sinners is paved with smooth stones,
but at its end is the pit of Hades."

Wisdom and Foolishness"

11 Whoever keeps the law controls his thoughts,
and the fulfillment of the fear of the Lord is wisdom."

12 The one who is not clever cannot be taught,
but there is a cleverness that increases bitterness."

13 The knowledge of the wise will increase like a flood,
and their counsel like a life-giving spring."

14 The mind of a fool is like a broken jar;
it can hold no knowledge."

15 When an intelligent person hears a wise saying,
he praises it and adds to it;
when a fool hears it, he laughs at it
and throws it behind his back."

16 A fool's chatter is like a burden on a journey,
but delight is found in the speech of the intelligent."

17 The utterance of a sensible person is sought in the assembly,
and they ponder his words in their minds."

18 Like a house in ruins is wisdom to a fool,
and to the ignorant, knowledge is talk that has no meaning."

19 To a senseless person education is fetters on his feet,
and like manacles on his right hand."

20 A fool raises his voice when he laughs,
but the wise smile quietly."

21 To the sensible person education is like a golden ornament,
and like a bracelet on the right arm."

22 The foot of a fool rushes into a house,
but an experienced person waits respectfully outside."

23 A boor peers into the house from the door,
but a cultivated person remains outside."

24 It is ill-mannered for a person to listen at a door;
the discreet would be grieved by the disgrace."

25 The lips of babblers speak of what is not their concern,
but the words of the prudent are weighed in the balance."

26 The mind of fools is in their mouth,
but the mouth of the wise is in their mind."

27 When an ungodly person curses an adversary,
he curses himself."

28 A whisperer degrades himself
and is hated in his neighbourhood."

Chapter 22"

The Idler"

1 The idler is like a filthy stone,
and every one hisses at his disgrace."

2 The idler is like the filth of dunghills;
anyone that picks it up will shake it off his hand."

Degenerate Children"

3 It is a disgrace to be the father of an undisciplined son,
and the birth of a daughter is a loss."

4 A sensible daughter obtains a husband of her own,
but one who acts shamefully is a grief to her father."

5 An impudent daughter disgraces father and husband,
and is despised by both."

6 Like music in time of mourning is ill-timed conversation,
but a thrashing and discipline are at all times wisdom."

Wisdom and Folly"

9 Whoever teaches a fool is like one who glues potsherds together,
or who rouses a sleeper from deep slumber."

10 Whoever tells a story to a fool tells it to a drowsy man;
and at the end he will say, "What is it?""

11 Weep for the dead, for he has left the light behind;
and weep for the fool, for he has left intelligence behind."

Weep less bitterly for the dead, for he is at rest;
but the life of the fool is worse than death."

12 Mourning for the dead lasts seven days,
but for the foolish or the ungodly it lasts all the days of their lives."

13 Do not talk much with a senseless person
or visit an unintelligent person."

Stay clear of him, or you may have trouble,
and be spattered when he shakes himself off."

Avoid him and you will find rest,
and you will never be wearied by his lack of sense."

14 What is heavier than lead?"

And what is its name except "Fool"?"

15 Sand, salt, and a piece of iron
are easier to bear than a stupid person."

16 A wooden beam firmly bonded into a building
is not loosened by an earthquake;
so the mind firmly resolved after due reflection
will not be afraid in a crisis."

17 A mind settled on an intelligent thought
is like stucco decoration that makes a wall smooth."

18 Fences set on a high place
will not stand firm against the wind;
so a timid mind with a fool's resolve
will not stand firm against any fear."

The Preservation of Friendship

19 One who pricks the eye brings tears,
and one who pricks the heart makes clear its feelings."

20 One who throws a stone at birds scares them away,
and one who reviles a friend destroys a friendship."

21 Even if you draw your sword against a friend,
do not despair, for there is a way back."

22 If you open your mouth against your friend,
do not worry, for reconciliation is possible."

But as for reviling, arrogance, disclosure of secrets, or a treacherous blow -
in these cases any friend will take to flight."

23 Gain the trust of your neighbour in his poverty,
so that you may rejoice with him in his prosperity."

Stand by him in time of distress,
so that you may share with him in his inheritance."

24 The vapor and smoke of the furnace precede the fire;
so insults precede bloodshed."

25 I am not ashamed to shelter a friend,
and I will not hide from him."

26 But if harm should come to me because of him,
whoever hears of it will beware of him."

A Prayer for Help against Sinning

27 Who will set a guard over my mouth,
and an effective seal upon my lips,
so that I may not fall because of them,
and my tongue may not destroy me?"

Chapter 23"

1 O Lord, Father and Master of my life,
do not abandon me to their designs,
and do not let me fall because of them!"

2 Who will set whips over my thoughts,
and the discipline of wisdom over my mind,
so as not to spare me in my errors,
and not overlook my sins?"

3 Otherwise my mistakes may be multiplied,
and my sins may abound,
and I may fall before my adversaries,
and my enemy may rejoice over me."

4 O Lord, Father and God of my life,
do not give me haughty eyes,"

5 and remove evil desire from me."

6 Let neither gluttony nor lust overcome me,
and do not give me over to shameless passion."

Discipline of the Tongue"

7 Listen, my children, to instruction concerning the mouth;
the one who observes it will never be caught."

8 Sinners are overtaken through their lips;
by them the reviler and the arrogant are tripped up."

9 Do not accustom your mouth to oaths,
nor habitually utter the name of the Holy One;"

10 for as a servant who is constantly under scrutiny
will not lack bruises,
so also the person who always swears and utters the Name
will never be cleansed from sin."

11 The one who swears many oaths is full of iniquity,
and the scourge will not leave his house."

If he swears in error, his sin remains on him,
and if he disregards it, he sins doubly;
if he swears a false oath, he will not be justified,
for his house will be filled with calamities."

Foul Language"

12 There is a manner of speaking comparable to death;
may it never be found in the inheritance of Jacob!"

Such conduct will be far from the godly,
and they will not wallow in sins."

13 Do not accustom your mouth to coarse, foul language,
for it involves sinful speech."

14 Remember your father and mother
when you sit among the great,
or you may forget yourself in their presence,
and behave like a fool through bad habit;
then you will wish that you had never been born,
and you will curse the day of your birth."

15 Those who are accustomed to using abusive language
will never become disciplined as long as they live."

Concerning Sexual Sins"

16 Two kinds of individuals multiply sins,
and a third incurs wrath."

Hot passion that blazes like a fire
will not be quenched until it burns itself out;
one who commits fornication with his near of kin
will never cease until the fire burns him up."

17 To a fornicator all bread is sweet;
he will never weary until he dies."

18 The one who sins against his marriage bed
says to himself, "Who can see me?"

Darkness surrounds me, the walls hide me,
and no one sees me. Why should I worry?"

The Most High will not remember sins.""

19 His fear is confined to human eyes
and he does not realize that the eyes of the Lord
are ten thousand times brighter than the sun;
they look upon every aspect of human behaviour
and see into hidden corners."

20 Before the universe was created, it was known to him,
and so it is since its completion."

21 This man will be punished in the streets of the city,
and where he least suspects it, he will be seized."

22 So it is with a woman who leaves her husband
and presents him with an heir by another man."

23 For first of all, she has disobeyed the law of the Most High;
second, she has committed an offense against her husband;
and third, through her fornication she has committed adultery
and brought forth children by another man."

24 She herself will be brought before the assembly,
and her punishment will extend to her children."

25 Her children will not take root,
and her branches will not bear fruit."

26 She will leave behind an accursed memory
and her disgrace will never be blotted out."

27 Those who survive her will recognize
that nothing is better than the fear of the Lord,
and nothing sweeter than to heed the commandments of the Lord."

Chapter 24"

The Praise of Wisdom."

1 Wisdom praises herself,
and tells of her glory in the midst of her people."

2 In the assembly of the Most High she opens her mouth,
and in the presence of his hosts she tells of her glory:"

3 "I came forth from the mouth of the Most High,
and covered the earth like a mist."

4 I dwelt in the highest heavens,
and my throne was in a pillar of cloud."

5 Alone I compassed the vault of heaven
and traversed the depths of the abyss."

6 Over waves of the sea, over all the earth,
and over every people and nation I have held sway."

7 Among all these I sought a resting place;
in whose territory should I abide?"

8 "Then the Creator of all things gave me a command,
and my Creator chose the place for my tent."

He said, "Make your dwelling in Jacob,
and in Israel receive your inheritance.'"

9 Before the ages, in the beginning, he created me,
and for all the ages I shall not cease to be."

10 In the holy tent I ministered before him,
and so I was established in Zion."

11 Thus in the beloved city he gave me a resting place,
and in Jerusalem was my domain."

12 I took root in an honoured people,
in the portion of the Lord, his heritage."

13 "I grew tall like a cedar in Lebanon,
and like a cypress on the heights of Hermon."

14 I grew tall like a palm tree in En-gedi,
and like rosebushes in Jericho;
like a fair olive tree in the field,
and like a plane tree beside water I grew tall."

15 Like cassia and camel's thorn I gave forth perfume,
and like choice myrrh I spread my fragrance,
like galbanum, onycha, and stacte,
and like the odor of incense in the tent."

16 Like a terebinth I spread out my branches,
and my branches are glorious and graceful."

17 Like the vine I bud forth delights,
and my blossoms become glorious and abundant fruit."

19 "Come to me, you who desire me,
and eat your fill of my fruits."

20 For the memory of me is sweeter than honey,
and the possession of me sweeter than the honeycomb."

21 Those who eat of me will hunger for more,
and those who drink of me will thirst for more."

22 Whoever obeys me will not be put to shame,
and those who work with me will not sin.""

Wisdom and the Law"

23 All this is the book of the covenant of the Most High God,
the law that Moses commanded us
as an inheritance for the congregations of Jacob."

25 It overflows, like the Pishon, with wisdom,
and like the Tigris at the time of the first fruits."

26 It runs over, like the Euphrates, with understanding,
and like the Jordan at harvest time."

27 It pours forth instruction like the Nile,
like the Gihon at the time of vintage."

28 The first man did not know wisdom fully,
nor will the last one fathom her."

29 For her thoughts are more abundant than the sea,
and her counsel deeper than the great abyss."

30 As for me, I was like a canal from a river,
like a water channel into a garden."

31 I said, "I will water my garden
and drench my flower-beds.""

And lo, my canal became a river,
and my river a sea."

32 I will again make instruction shine forth like the dawn,
and I will make it clear from far away."

33 I will again pour out teaching like prophecy,
and leave it to all future generations."

34 Observe that I have not laboured for myself alone,
but for all who seek wisdom."

Chapter 25"

Those Who Are Worthy of Praise

1 I take pleasure in three things,
and they are beautiful in the sight of God and of mortals:
agreement among brothers and sisters, friendship among neighbours,
and a wife and a husband who live in harmony."

2 I hate three kinds of people,
and I loathe their manner of life:
a pauper who boasts, a rich person who lies,
and an old fool who commits adultery."

3 If you gathered nothing in your youth,
how can you find anything in your old age?"

4 How attractive is sound judgment in the gray-haired,
and for the aged to possess good counsel!"

5 How attractive is wisdom in the aged,
and understanding and counsel in the venerable!"

6 Rich experience is the crown of the aged,
and their boast is the fear of the Lord."

7 I can think of nine whom I would call blessed,
and a tenth my tongue proclaims:
a man who can rejoice in his children;
a man who lives to see the downfall of his foes."

8 Happy the man who lives with a sensible wife,
and the one who does not plow with ox and ass together."

Happy is the one who does not sin with the tongue,
and the one who has not served an inferior."

9 Happy is the one who finds a friend,
and the one who speaks to attentive listeners."

10 How great is the one who finds wisdom!"

But none is superior to the one who fears the Lord."

11 Fear of the Lord surpasses everything;
to whom can we compare the one who has it?"

The Evil of a Wicked Woman

13 Any wound, but not a wound of the heart!
Any wickedness, but not the wickedness of a woman!"

14 Any suffering, but not suffering from those who hate!
And any vengeance, but not the vengeance of enemies!"

15 There is no venom worse than a snake's venom,
and no anger worse than a woman's wrath."

16 I would rather live with a lion and a dragon
than live with an evil woman."

17 A woman's wickedness changes her appearance,
and darkens her face like that of a bear."

18 Her husband sits among the neighbours,
and he cannot help sighing bitterly."

19 Any iniquity is small compared to a woman's iniquity;
may a sinner's lot befall her!"

20 A sandy ascent for the feet of the aged -
such is a garrulous wife to a quiet husband."

21 Do not be ensnared by a woman's beauty,
and do not desire a woman for her possessions."

22 There is wrath and impudence and great disgrace
when a wife supports her husband."

23 Dejected mind, gloomy face,
and wounded heart come from an evil wife."

Drooping hands and weak knees
come from the wife who does not make her husband happy."

24 From a woman sin had its beginning,
and because of her we all die."

25 Allow no outlet to water,
and no boldness of speech to an evil wife."

26 If she does not go as you direct,
separate her from yourself."

Chapter 26"

The Joy of a Good Wife"

1 Happy is the husband of a good wife;
the number of his days will be doubled."

2 A loyal wife brings joy to her husband,
and he will complete his years in peace."

3 A good wife is a great blessing;
she will be granted among the blessings of the man who fears the Lord."

4 Whether rich or poor, his heart is content,
and at all times his face is cheerful."

The Worst of Evils: A Wicked Wife"

5 Of three things my heart is frightened,
and of a fourth I am in great fear:"

Slander in the city, the gathering of a mob,
and false accusation - all these are worse than death."

6 But it is heartache and sorrow when a wife is jealous of a rival,
and a tongue-lashing makes it known to all."

7 A bad wife is a chafing yoke;
taking hold of her is like grasping a scorpion."

8 A drunken wife arouses great anger;
she cannot hide her shame."

9 The haughty stare betrays an unchaste wife;
her eyelids give her away."

10 Keep strict watch over a headstrong daughter,
or else, when she finds liberty, she will make use of it."

11 Be on guard against her impudent eye,
and do not be surprised if she sins against you."

12 As a thirsty traveler opens his mouth
and drinks from any water near him,
so she will sit in front of every tent peg
and open her quiver to the arrow."

The Blessing of a Good Wife"

13 A wife's charm delights her husband,
and her skill puts flesh on his bones."

14 A silent wife is a gift from the Lord,
and nothing is so precious as her self-discipline."

15 A modest wife adds charm to charm,
and no scales can weigh the value of her chastity."

16 Like the sun rising in the heights of the Lord,
so is the beauty of a good wife in her well-ordered home."

17 Like the shining lamp on the holy lampstand,
so is a beautiful face on a stately figure."

18 Like golden pillars on silver bases,
so are shapely legs and steadfast feet."

Other ancient authorities add verses 19-27:"

19 (My child, keep sound the bloom of your youth,)"

(and do not give your strength to strangers.)"

20 (Seek a fertile field within the whole plain,)"

(and sow it with your own seed, trusting in your fine stock.)"

21 (So your offspring will prosper,)"

(and, having confidence in their good descent, will grow great.)"

22 (A prostitute is regarded as spittle,)"

(and a married woman as a tower of death to her lovers.)"

23 (A godless wife is given as a portion to a lawless man,)"

(but a pious wife is given to the man who fears the Lord.)"

24 (A shameless woman constantly acts disgracefully,)"

(but a modest daughter will even be embarrassed before her husband.)"

25 (A headstrong wife is regarded as a dog,)"

(but one who has a sense of shame will fear the Lord.)"

26 (A wife honouring her husband will seem wise to all,)"

(but if she dishonours him in her pride she will be known to all as ungodly.)"

(Happy) (is the husband of a good wife;"

(for the number of his years will be doubled.)"

27 (A loud-voiced and garrulous wife is like a trumpet sounding the charge,)"

(and every person like this lives in the anarchy of war.)"

Three Depressing Things

28 At two things my heart is grieved,
and because of a third anger comes over me:
a warrior in want through poverty,
intelligent men who are treated contemptuously,
and a man who turns back from righteousness to sin -
the Lord will prepare him for the sword!"

The Temptations of Commerce

29 A merchant can hardly keep from wrongdoing,
nor is a tradesman innocent of sin."

Chapter 27"

1 Many have committed sin for gain,
and those who seek to get rich will avert their eyes."

2 As a stake is driven firmly into a fissure between stones,
so sin is wedged in between selling and buying."

3 If a person is not steadfast in the fear of the Lord,
his house will be quickly overthrown."

Tests in Life

4 When a sieve is shaken, the refuse appears;
so do a person's faults when he speaks."

5 The kiln tests the potter's vessels;
so the test of a person is in his conversation."

6 Its fruit discloses the cultivation of a tree;
so a person's speech discloses the cultivation of his mind."

7 Do not praise anyone before he speaks,
for this is the way people are tested."

Reward and Retribution"

8 If you pursue justice, you will attain it
and wear it like a glorious robe."

9 Birds roost with their own kind,
so honesty comes home to those who practice it."

10 A lion lies in wait for prey;
so does sin for evildoers."

Varieties of Speech"

11 The conversation of the godly is always wise,
but the fool changes like the moon."

12 Among stupid people limit your time,
but among thoughtful people linger on."

13 The talk of fools is offensive,
and their laughter is wantonly sinful."

14 Their cursing and swearing make one's hair stand on end,
and their quarrels make others stop their ears."

15 The strife of the proud leads to bloodshed,
and their abuse is grievous to hear."

Betraying Secrets"

16 Whoever betrays secrets destroys confidence,
and will never find a congenial friend."

17 Love your friend and keep faith with him;
but if you betray his secrets, do not follow after him."

18 For as a person destroys his enemy,
so you have destroyed the friendship of your neighbour."

19 And as you allow a bird to escape from your hand,
so you have let your neighbour go, and will not catch him again."

20 Do not go after him, for he is too far off,
and has escaped like a gazelle from a snare."

21 For a wound may be bandaged,
and there is reconciliation after abuse,
but whoever has betrayed secrets is without hope."

Hypocrisy and Pride

22 Whoever winks the eye plots mischief,
and those who know him will keep their distance."

23 In your presence his mouth is all sweetness,
and he admires your words;
but later he will twist his speech
and with your own words he will trip you up."

24 I have hated many things, but him above all;
even the Lord hates him."

25 Whoever throws a stone straight up throws it on his own head,
and a treacherous blow opens up many wounds."

26 Whoever digs a pit will fall into it,
and whoever sets a snare will be caught in it."

27 If a person does evil, it will roll back upon him,
and he will not know where it came from."

28 Mockery and abuse issue from the proud,
but vengeance lies in wait for them like a lion."

29 Those who rejoice in the fall of the godly will be caught in a snare,
and pain will consume them before their death."

30 Anger and wrath, these also are abominations,
yet a sinner holds on to them."

Chapter 28"

1 The vengeful will face the Lord's vengeance,
for he keeps a strict account of their sins."

2 Forgive your neighbour the wrong he has done,
and then your sins will be pardoned when you pray."

3 Does anyone harbour anger against another,
and expect healing from the Lord?"

4 If one has no mercy toward another like himself,
can he then seek pardon for his own sins?"

5 If a mere mortal harbours wrath,
who will make an atoning sacrifice for his sins?"

6 Remember the end of your life, and set enmity aside;
remember corruption and death, and be true to the commandments."

7 Remember the commandments, and do not be angry with your neighbour;
remember the covenant of the Most High, and overlook faults."

8 Refrain from strife, and your sins will be fewer;
for the hot-tempered kindle strife,"

9 and the sinner disrupts friendships
and sows discord among those who are at peace."

10 In proportion to the fuel, so will the fire burn,
and in proportion to the obstinacy, so will strife increase;
in proportion to a person's strength will be his anger,
and in proportion to his wealth he will increase his wrath."

11 A hasty quarrel kindles a fire,
and a hasty dispute sheds blood."

The Evil Tongue

12 If you blow on a spark, it will glow;
if you spit on it, it will be put out;
yet both come out of your mouth."

13 Curse the gossips and the double-tongued,
for they destroy the peace of many."

14 Slander has shaken many,
and scattered them from nation to nation;
it has destroyed strong cities,
and overturned the houses of the great."

15 Slander has driven virtuous women from their homes,
and deprived them of the fruit of their toil."

16 Those who pay heed to slander will not find rest,
nor will they settle down in peace."

17 The blow of a whip raises a welt,
but a blow of the tongue crushes the bones."

18 Many have fallen by the edge of the sword,
but not as many as have fallen because of the tongue."

19 Happy is the one who is protected from it,
who has not been exposed to its anger,
who has not borne its yoke,
and has not been bound with its fetters."

20 For its yoke is a yoke of iron,
and its fetters are fetters of bronze;"

21 its death is an evil death,
and Hades is preferable to it."

22 It has no power over the godly;
they will not be burned in its flame."

23 Those who forsake the Lord will fall into its power;
it will burn among them and will not be put out."

It will be sent out against them like a lion;
like a leopard it will mangle them."

24a. As you fence in your property with thorns,"

25b. so make a door and a bolt for your mouth."

24b. As you lock up your silver and gold,"

25a. so make balances and scales for your words."

26 Take care not to err with your tongue,
and fall victim to one lying in wait."

Chapter 29"

On Lending and Borrowing

1 The merciful lend to their neighbours;
by holding out a helping hand they keep the commandments."

2 Lend to your neighbour in his time of need;
repay your neighbour when a loan falls due."

3 Keep your promise and be honest with him,
and on every occasion you will find what you need."

4 Many regard a loan as a windfall,
and cause trouble to those who help them."

5 One kisses another's hands until he gets a loan,
and is deferential in speaking of his neighbour's money;
but at the time for repayment he delays,
and pays back with empty promises,
and finds fault with the time."

6 If he can pay, his creditor will hardly get back half,
and will regard that as a windfall."

If he cannot pay, the borrower has robbed the other of his money,
and he has needlessly made him an enemy;
he will repay him with curses and reproaches,
and instead of glory will repay him with dishonour."

7 Many refuse to lend, not because of meanness,
but from fear of being defrauded needlessly."

8 Nevertheless, be patient with someone in humble circumstances,
and do not keep him waiting for your alms."

9 Help the poor for the commandment's sake,
and in their need do not send them away empty-handed."

10 Lose your silver for the sake of a brother or a friend,
and do not let it rust under a stone and be lost."

11 Lay up your treasure according to the commandments of the Most High,
and it will profit you more than gold."

12 Store up almsgiving in your treasury,
and it will rescue you from every disaster;"

13 better than a stout shield and a sturdy spear,
it will fight for you against the enemy."

On Guaranteeing Debts

14 A good person will be surety for his neighbour,
but the one who has lost all sense of shame will fail him."

15 Do not forget the kindness of your guarantor,
for he has given his life for you."

16 A sinner wastes the property of his guarantor,"

17 and the ungrateful person abandons his rescuer."

18 Being surety has ruined many who were prosperous,
and has tossed them about like waves of the sea;
it has driven the influential into exile,
and they have wandered among foreign nations."

19 The sinner comes to grief through surety;
his pursuit of gain involves him in lawsuits."

20 Assist your neighbour to the best of your ability,
but be careful not to fall yourself."

Home and Hospitality

21 The necessities of life are water, bread, and clothing,
and also a house to assure privacy."

22 Better is the life of the poor under their own crude roof
than sumptuous food in the house of others."

23 Be content with little or much,
and you will hear no reproach for being a guest."

24 It is a miserable life to go from house to house;
as a guest you should not open your mouth;"

25 you will play the host and provide drink without being thanked,
and besides this you will hear rude words like these:"

26 "Come here, stranger, prepare the table;
let me eat what you have there.""

27 "Be off, stranger, for an honoured guest is here;
my brother has come for a visit, and I need the guest-room.""

28 It is hard for a sensible person to bear
scolding about lodging and the insults of the moneylender."

Chapter 30"

Concerning Children.

1 He who loves his son will whip him often,
so that he may rejoice at the way he turns out."

2 He who disciplines his son will profit by him,
and will boast of him among acquaintances."

3 He who teaches his son will make his enemies envious,
and will glory in him among his friends."

4 When the father dies he will not seem to be dead,
for he has left behind him one like himself,"

5 whom in his life he looked upon with joy
and at death, without grief."

6 He has left behind him an avenger against his enemies,
and one to repay the kindness of his friends."

7 Whoever spoils his son will bind up his wounds,
and will suffer heartache at every cry."

8 An unbroken horse turns out stubborn,
and an unchecked son turns out headstrong."

9 Pamper a child, and he will terrorize you;
play with him, and he will grieve you."

10 Do not laugh with him, or you will have sorrow with him,
and in the end you will gnash your teeth."

11 Give him no freedom in his youth,
and do not ignore his errors."

12 Bow down his neck in his youth,
and beat his sides while he is young,
or else he will become stubborn and disobey you,
and you will have sorrow of soul from him."

13 Discipline your son and make his yoke heavy,
so that you may not be offended by his shamelessness."

14 Better off poor, healthy, and fit
than rich and afflicted in body."

15 Health and fitness are better than any gold,
and a robust body than countless riches."

16 There is no wealth better than health of body,
and no gladness above joy of heart."

17 Death is better than a life of misery,
and eternal sleep than chronic sickness."

Concerning Foods"

18 Good things poured out upon a mouth that is closed
are like offerings of food placed upon a grave."

19 Of what use to an idol is a sacrifice?"

For it can neither eat nor smell."

So is the one punished by the Lord;"

20 he sees with his eyes and groans
as a eunuch groans when embracing a girl."

21 Do not give yourself over to sorrow,
and do not distress yourself deliberately."

22 A joyful heart is life itself,
and rejoicing lengthens one's life span."

23 Indulge yourself and take comfort,
and remove sorrow far from you,
for sorrow has destroyed many,
and no advantage ever comes from it."

24 Jealousy and anger shorten life,
and anxiety brings on premature old age."

25 Those who are cheerful and merry at table
will benefit from their food."

Chapter 31"

Right Attitude toward Riches

1 Wakefulness over wealth wastes away one's flesh,
and anxiety about it drives away sleep."

2 Wakeful anxiety prevents slumber,
and a severe illness carries off sleep."

3 The rich person toils to amass a fortune,
and when he rests he fills himself with his dainties."

4 The poor person toils to make a meager living,
and if ever he rests he becomes needy."

5 One who loves gold will not be justified;
one who pursues money will be led astray by it."

6 Many have come to ruin because of gold,
and their destruction has met them face to face."

7 It is a stumbling block to those who are avid for it,
and every fool will be taken captive by it."

8 Blessed is the rich person who is found blameless,
and who does not go after gold."

9 Who is he, that we may praise him?"

For he has done wonders among his people."

10 Who has been tested by it and been found perfect?"

Let it be for him a ground for boasting."

Who has had the power to transgress and did not transgress,
and to do evil and did not do it?"

11 His prosperity will be established,
and the assembly will proclaim his acts of charity."

Table Etiquette"

12 Are you seated at the table of the great?"

Do not be greedy at it,
and do not say, "How much food there is here!""

13 Remember that a greedy eye is a bad thing."

What has been created more greedy than the eye?"

Therefore it sheds tears for any reason."

14 Do not reach out your hand for everything you see,
and do not crowd your neighbour at the dish."

15 Judge your neighbour's feelings by your own,
and in every matter be thoughtful."

16 Eat what is set before you like a well brought-up person,
and do not chew greedily, or you will give offense."

17 Be the first to stop, as befits good manners,
and do not be insatiable, or you will give offense."

18 If you are seated among many persons,
do not help yourself before they do."

19 How ample a little is for a well-disciplined person!"

He does not breathe heavily when in bed."

20 Healthy sleep depends on moderate eating;
he rises early, and feels fit."

The distress of sleeplessness and of nausea
and colic are with the glutton."

21 If you are overstuffed with food,
get up to vomit, and you will have relief."

22 Listen to me, my child, and do not disregard me,
and in the end you will appreciate my words."

In everything you do be moderate,
and no sickness will overtake you."

23 People bless the one who is liberal with food,
and their testimony to his generosity is trustworthy."

24 The city complains of the one who is stingy with food,
and their testimony to his stinginess is accurate."

Temperance in Drinking Wine"

25 Do not try to prove your strength by wine-drinking,
for wine has destroyed many."

26 As the furnace tests the work of the smith,
so wine tests hearts when the insolent quarrel."

27 Wine is very life to human beings
if taken in moderation."

What is life to one who is without wine?"

It has been created to make people happy."

28 Wine drunk at the proper time and in moderation
is rejoicing of heart and gladness of soul."

29 Wine drunk to excess leads to bitterness of spirit,
to quarrels and stumbling."

30 Drunkenness increases the anger of a fool to his own hurt,
reducing his strength and adding wounds."

31 Do not reprove your neighbour at a banquet of wine,
and do not despise him in his merrymaking;
speak no word of reproach to him,
and do not distress him by making demands of him."

Chapter 32"

Etiquette at a Banquet

1 If they make you master of the feast, do not exalt yourself;
be among them as one of their number."

Take care of them first and then sit down;"

2 when you have fulfilled all your duties, take your place,
so that you may be merry along with them
and receive a wreath for your excellent leadership."

3 Speak, you who are older, for it is your right,
but with accurate knowledge, and do not interrupt the music."

4 Where there is entertainment, do not pour out talk;
do not display your cleverness at the wrong time."

5 A ruby seal in a setting of gold
is a concert of music at a banquet of wine."

6 A seal of emerald in a rich setting of gold
is the melody of music with good wine."

7 Speak, you who are young, if you are obliged to,
but no more than twice, and only if asked."

8 Be brief; say much in few words;
be as one who knows and can still hold his tongue."

9 Among the great do not act as their equal;
and when another is speaking, do not babble."

10 Lightning travels ahead of the thunder,
and approval goes before one who is modest."

11 Leave in good time and do not be the last;
go home quickly and do not linger."

12 Amuse yourself there to your heart's content,
but do not sin through proud speech."

13 But above all bless your Maker,
who fills you with his good gifts."

The Providence of God

14 The one who seeks God will accept his discipline,
and those who rise early to seek him will find favour."

15 The one who seeks the law will be filled with it,
but the hypocrite will stumble at it."

16 Those who fear the Lord will form true judgments,
and they will kindle righteous deeds like a light."

17 The sinner will shun reproof,
and will find a decision according to his liking."

18 A sensible person will not overlook a thoughtful suggestion;
an insolent and proud person will not be deterred by fear."

19 Do nothing without deliberation,
but when you have acted, do not regret it."

20 Do not go on a path full of hazards,
and do not stumble at an obstacle twice."

21 Do not be overconfident on a smooth road,"

22 and give good heed to your paths."

23 Guard yourself in every act,
for this is the keeping of the commandments."

24 The one who keeps the law preserves himself,
and the one who trusts the Lord will not suffer loss."

Chapter 33"

1 No evil will befall the one who fears the Lord,
but in trials such a one will be rescued again and again."

2 The wise will not hate the law,
but the one who is hypocritical about it is like a boat in a storm."

3 The sensible person will trust in the law;
for such a one the law is as dependable as a divine oracle."

4 Prepare what to say, and then you will be listened to;
draw upon your training, and give your answer."

5 The heart of a fool is like a cart wheel,
and his thoughts like a turning axle."

6 A mocking friend is like a stallion
that neighs no matter who the rider is."

Differences in Nature and in Humankind"

7 Why is one day more important than another,
when all the daylight in the year is from the sun?"

8 By the Lord's wisdom they were distinguished,
and he appointed the different seasons and festivals."

9 Some days he exalted and hallowed,
and some he made ordinary days."

10 All human beings come from the ground,
and humankind was created out of the dust."

11 In the fullness of his knowledge the Lord distinguished them
and appointed their different ways."

12 Some he blessed and exalted,
and some he made holy and brought near to himself;
but some he cursed and brought low,
and turned them out of their place."

13 Like clay in the hand of the potter,
to be molded as he pleases,
so all are in the hand of their Maker,
to be given whatever he decides."

14 Good is the opposite of evil,
and life the opposite of death;
so the sinner is the opposite of the godly."

15 Look at all the works of the Most High;
they come in pairs, one the opposite of the other."

16 Now I was the last to keep vigil;
I was like a gleaner following the grape-pickers;"

17 by the blessing of the Lord I arrived first,
and like a grape-picker I filled my wine press."

18 Consider that I have not laboured for myself alone,
but for all who seek instruction."

19 Hear me, you who are great among the people,
and you leaders of the congregation, pay heed!"

The Advantage of Independence"

20 To son or wife, to brother or friend,
do not give power over yourself, as long as you live;
and do not give your property to another,
in case you change your mind and must ask for it."

21 While you are still alive and have breath in you,
do not let anyone take your place."

22 For it is better that your children should ask from you
than that you should look to the hand of your children."

23 Excel in all that you do;
bring no stain upon your honour."

24 At the time when you end the days of your life,
in the hour of death, distribute your inheritance."

The Treatment of Slaves"

25 Fodder and a stick and burdens for a donkey;
bread and discipline and work for a slave."

26 Set your slave to work, and you will find rest;
leave his hands idle, and he will seek liberty."

27 Yoke and thong will bow the neck,
and for a wicked slave there are racks and tortures."

28 Put him to work, in order that he may not be idle,"

29 for idleness teaches much evil."

30 Set him to work, as is fitting for him,
and if he does not obey, make his fetters heavy."

Do not be overbearing toward anyone,
and do nothing unjust."

31 If you have but one slave, treat him like yourself,
because you have bought him with blood."

If you have but one slave, treat him like a brother,
for you will need him as you need your life."

32 If you ill-treat him, and he leaves you and runs away,"

33 which way will you go to seek him?"

Chapter 34"

Dreams Mean Nothing

1 The senseless have vain and false hopes,
and dreams give wings to fools."

2 As one who catches at a shadow and pursues the wind,
so is anyone who believes in dreams."

3 What is seen in dreams is but a reflection,
the likeness of a face looking at itself."

4 From an unclean thing what can be clean?
And from something false what can be true?"

5 Divinations and omens and dreams are unreal,
and like a woman in labour, the mind has fantasies."

6 Unless they are sent by intervention from the Most High,
pay no attention to them."

7 For dreams have deceived many,
and those who put their hope in them have perished."

8 Without such deceptions the law will be fulfilled,
and wisdom is complete in the mouth of the faithful."

Experience as a Teacher

9 An educated person knows many things,
and one with much experience knows what he is talking about."

10 An inexperienced person knows few things,"

11 but he that has traveled acquires much cleverness."

12 I have seen many things in my travels,
and I understand more than I can express."

13 I have often been in danger of death,
but have escaped because of these experiences."

Fear the Lord"

14 The spirit of those who fear the Lord will live,"

15 for their hope is in him who saves them."

16 Those who fear the Lord will not be timid,
or play the coward, for he is their hope."

17 Happy is the soul that fears the Lord!"

18 To whom does he look? And who is his support?"

19 The eyes of the Lord are on those who love him,
a mighty shield and strong support,
a shelter from scorching wind and a shade from noonday sun,
a guard against stumbling and a help against falling."

20 He lifts up the soul and makes the eyes sparkle;
he gives health and life and blessing."

True Worship

21 If one sacrifices ill-gotten goods, the offering is blemished; "

22 the gifts of the lawless are not acceptable."

23 The Most High is not pleased with the offerings of the ungodly,
nor for a multitude of sacrifices does he forgive sins."

24 Like one who kills a son before his father's eyes
is the person who offers a sacrifice from the property of the poor."

25 The bread of the needy is the life of the poor;
whoever deprives them of it is a murderer."

26 To take away a neighbour's living is to commit murder;"

27 to deprive an employee of wages is to shed blood."

28 When one builds and another tears down,
what do they gain but hard work?"

29 When one prays and another curses,
to whose voice will the Lord listen?"

30 If one washes after touching a corpse, and touches it again,
what has been gained by washing?"

31 So if one fasts for his sins,
and goes again and does the same things,
who will listen to his prayer?"

And what has he gained by humbling himself?"

Chapter 35"

The Law and Sacrifices"

1 The one who keeps the law makes many offerings;"

2 one who heeds the commandments makes an offering of well-being."

3 The one who returns a kindness offers choice flour,"

4 and one who gives alms sacrifices a thank offering."

5 To keep from wickedness is pleasing to the Lord,
and to forsake unrighteousness is an atonement."

6 Do not appear before the Lord empty-handed,"

7 for all that you offer is in fulfillment of the commandment."

8 The offering of the righteous enriches the altar,
and its pleasing odor rises before the Most High."

9 The sacrifice of the righteous is acceptable,
and it will never be forgotten."

10 Be generous when you worship the Lord,
and do not stint the first fruits of your hands."

11 With every gift show a cheerful face,
and dedicate your tithe with gladness."

12 Give to the Most High as he has given to you,
and as generously as you can afford."

13 For the Lord is the one who repays,
and he will repay you sevenfold."

Divine Justice"

14 Do not offer him a bribe, for he will not accept it;"

15 and do not rely on a dishonest sacrifice;
for the Lord is the judge,
and with him there is no partiality."

16 He will not show partiality to the poor;
but he will listen to the prayer of one who is wronged."

17 He will not ignore the supplication of the orphan,
or the widow when she pours out her complaint."

18 Do not the tears of the widow run down her cheek"

19 as she cries out against the one who causes them to fall?"

20 The one whose service is pleasing to the Lord will be accepted,
and his prayer will reach to the clouds."

21 The prayer of the humble pierces the clouds,
and it will not rest until it reaches its goal;
it will not desist until the Most High responds"

22 and does justice for the righteous, and executes judgment."

Indeed, the Lord will not delay,
and like a warrior will not be patient
until he crushes the loins of the unmerciful"

23 and repays vengeance on the nations;
until he destroys the multitude of the insolent,
and breaks the scepters of the unrighteous;"

24 until he repays mortals according to their deeds,
and the works of all according to their thoughts;"

25 until he judges the case of his people
and makes them rejoice in his mercy."

26 His mercy is as welcome in time of distress
as clouds of rain in time of drought."

Chapter 36"

A Prayer for God's People"

1 Have mercy upon us, O God of all,"

2 and put all the nations in fear of you."

3 Lift up your hand against foreign nations
and let them see your might."

4 As you have used us to show your holiness to them,
so use them to show your glory to us."

5 Then they will know, as we have known,
that there is no God but you, O Lord."

6 Give new signs, and work other wonders;"

7 make your hand and right arm glorious."

8 Rouse your anger and pour out your wrath;"

9 destroy the adversary and wipe out the enemy."

10 Hasten the day, and remember the appointed time,
and let people recount your mighty deeds."

11 Let survivors be consumed in the fiery wrath,
and may those who harm your people meet destruction."

12 Crush the heads of hostile rulers
who say, "There is no one but ourselves.""

13 Gather all the tribes of Jacob,"

16 and give them their inheritance, as at the beginning."

17 Have mercy, O Lord, on the people called by your name,
on Israel, whom you have named your firstborn,"

18 Have pity on the city of your sanctuary,"

Jerusalem, the place of your dwelling."

19 Fill Zion with your majesty,
and your temple with your glory."

20 Bear witness to those whom you created in the beginning,
and fulfill the prophecies spoken in your name."

21 Reward those who wait for you
and let your prophets be found trustworthy."

22 Hear, O Lord, the prayer of your servants, according to your goodwill toward your people,
and all who are on the earth will know
that you are the Lord, the God of the ages."

Concerning Discrimination

23 The stomach will take any food,
yet one food is better than another."

24 As the palate tastes the kinds of game,
so an intelligent mind detects false words."

25 A perverse mind will cause grief,
but a person with experience will pay him back."

26 A woman will accept any man as a husband,
but one girl is preferable to another."

27 A woman's beauty lights up a man's face,
and there is nothing he desires more."

28 If kindness and humility mark her speech,
her husband is more fortunate than other men."

29 He who acquires a wife gets his best possession,
a helper fit for him and a pillar of support."

30 Where there is no fence, the property will be plundered;
and where there is no wife, a man will become a fugitive and a wanderer."

31 For who will trust a nimble robber
that skips from city to city?"

So who will trust a man that has no nest,
but lodges wherever night overtakes him?"

Chapter 37"

False Friends

1 Every friend says, "I too am a friend;"
but some friends are friends only in name."

2 Is it not a sorrow like that for death itself
when a dear friend turns into an enemy?"

3 O inclination to evil, why were you formed
to cover the land with deceit?"

4 Some companions rejoice in the happiness of a friend,
but in time of trouble they are against him."

5 Some companions help a friend for their stomachs' sake,
yet in battle they will carry his shield."

6 Do not forget a friend during the battle,
and do not be unmindful of him when you distribute your spoils."

Caution in Taking Advice"

7 All counselors praise the counsel they give,
but some give counsel in their own interest."

8 Be wary of a counselor,
and learn first what is his interest,
for he will take thought for himself."

He may cast the lot against you"

9 and tell you, "Your way is good,"
and then stand aside to see what happens to you."

10 Do not consult the one who regards you with suspicion;
hide your intentions from those who are jealous of you."

11 Do not consult with a woman about her rival
or with a coward about war,
with a merchant about business
or with a buyer about selling,
with a miser about generosity
or with the merciless about kindness,
with an idler about any work
or with a seasonal labourer about completing his work,
with a lazy servant about a big task -
pay no attention to any advice they give."

12 But associate with a godly person
whom you know to be a keeper of the commandments,
who is like-minded with yourself,
and who will grieve with you if you fail."

13 And heed the counsel of your own heart,
for no one is more faithful to you than it is."

14 For our own mind sometimes keeps us better informed
than seven sentinels sitting high on a watchtower."

15 But above all pray to the Most High
that he may direct your way in truth."

True and False Wisdom

16 Discussion is the beginning of every work,
and counsel precedes every undertaking."

17 The mind is the root of all conduct;"

18 it sprouts four branches,
good and evil, life and death;
and it is the tongue that continually rules them."

19 Some people may be clever enough to teach many,
and yet be useless to themselves."

20 A skillful speaker may be hated;
he will be destitute of all food,"

21 for the Lord has withheld the gift of charm,
since he is lacking in all wisdom."

22 If a person is wise to his own advantage,
the fruits of his good sense will be praiseworthy."

23 A wise person instructs his own people,
and the fruits of his good sense will endure."

24 A wise person will have praise heaped upon him,
and all who see him will call him happy."

25 The days of a person's life are numbered,
but the days of Israel are without number."

26 One who is wise among his people will inherit honour,
and his name will live forever."

Concerning Moderation"

27 My child, test yourself while you live;
see what is bad for you and do not give in to it."

28 For not everything is good for everyone,
and no one enjoys everything."

29 Do not be greedy for every delicacy,
and do not eat without restraint;"

30 for overeating brings sickness,
and gluttony leads to nausea."

31 Many have died of gluttony,
but the one who guards against it prolongs his life."

Chapter 38"

Sickness and Health

1 honour physicians for their services,
for the Lord created them;"

2 for their gift of healing comes from the Most High,
and they are rewarded by the king."

3 The skill of physicians makes them distinguished,
and in the presence of the great they are admired."

4 The Lord created medicines out of the earth,
and the sensible will not despise them."

5 Was not water made sweet with a tree
in order that its power might be known?"

6 And he gave skill to human beings
that he might be glorified in his marvelous works."

7 By them the physician heals and takes away pain;"

8 the pharmacist makes a mixture from them."

God's works will never be finished;
and from him health spreads over all the earth."

9 My child, when you are ill, do not delay,
but pray to the Lord, and he will heal you."

10 Give up your faults and direct your hands rightly,
and cleanse your heart from all sin."

11 Offer a sweet-smelling sacrifice, and a memorial portion of choice flour,
and pour oil on your offering, as much as you can afford."

12 Then give the physician his place, for the Lord created him;
do not let him leave you, for you need him."

13 There may come a time when recovery lies in the hands of physicians,"

14 for they too pray to the Lord
that he grant them success in diagnosis
and in healing, for the sake of preserving life."

15 He who sins against his Maker,
will be defiant toward the physician."

On Mourning for the Dead

16 My child, let your tears fall for the dead,
and as one in great pain begin the lament."

Lay out the body with due ceremony,
and do not neglect the burial."

17 Let your weeping be bitter and your wailing fervent;
make your mourning worthy of the departed,
for one day, or two, to avoid criticism;
then be comforted for your grief."

18 For grief may result in death,
and a sorrowful heart saps one's strength."

19 When a person is taken away, sorrow is over;
but the life of the poor weighs down the heart."

20 Do not give your heart to grief;
drive it away, and remember your own end."

21 Do not forget, there is no coming back;
you do the dead no good, and you injure yourself."

22 Remember his fate, for yours is like it;
yesterday it was his, and today it is yours."

23 When the dead is at rest, let his remembrance rest too,
and be comforted for him when his spirit has departed."

Skilled Workers and Scribes

24 The wisdom of the scribe depends on the opportunity of leisure;
only the one who has little business can become wise."

25 How can one become wise who handles the plow,
and who glories in the shaft of a goad,
who drives oxen and is occupied with their work,
and whose talk is about bulls?"

26 He sets his heart on plowing furrows,
and he is careful about fodder for the heifers."

27 So it is with every artisan and master artisan
who labours by night as well as by day;
those who cut the signets of seals,
each is diligent in making a great variety;
they set their heart on painting a lifelike image,
and they are careful to finish their work."

28 So it is with the smith, sitting by the anvil,
intent on his iron-work;
the breath of the fire melts his flesh,
and he struggles with the heat of the furnace;
the sound of the hammer deafens his ears,
and his eyes are on the pattern of the object."

He sets his heart on finishing his handiwork,
and he is careful to complete its decoration."

29 So it is with the potter sitting at his work
and turning the wheel with his feet;
he is always deeply concerned over his products,
and he produces them in quantity."

30 He molds the clay with his arm
and makes it pliable with his feet;
he sets his heart to finish the glazing,
and he takes care in firing the kiln."

31 All these rely on their hands,
and all are skillful in their own work."

32 Without them no city can be inhabited,
and wherever they live, they will not go hungry."

Yet they are not sought out for the council of the people,"

33 nor do they attain eminence in the public assembly."

They do not sit in the judge's seat,
nor do they understand the decisions of the courts;
they cannot expound discipline or judgment,
and they are not found among the rulers."

34 But they maintain the fabric of the world,
and their concern is for the exercise of their trade."

The Activity of the Scribe"

How different the one who devotes himself
to the study of the law of the Most High!"

Chapter 39"

1 He seeks out the wisdom of all the ancients,
and is concerned with prophecies;"

2 he preserves the sayings of the famous
and penetrates the subtleties of parables;"

3 he seeks out the hidden meanings of proverbs
and is at home with the obscurities of parables."

4 He serves among the great
and appears before rulers;
he travels in foreign lands
and learns what is good and evil in the human lot."

5 He sets his heart to rise early
to seek the Lord who made him,
and to petition the Most High;
he opens his mouth in prayer
and asks pardon for his sins."

6 If the great Lord is willing,
he will be filled with the spirit of understanding;
he will pour forth words of wisdom of his own
and give thanks to the Lord in prayer."

7 The Lord will direct his counsel and knowledge,
as he meditates on his mysteries."

8 He will show the wisdom of what he has learned,
and will glory in the law of the Lord's covenant."

9 Many will praise his understanding;
it will never be blotted out."

His memory will not disappear,
and his name will live through all generations."

10 Nations will speak of his wisdom,
and the congregation will proclaim his praise."

11 If he lives long, he will leave a name greater than a thousand,
and if he goes to rest, it is enough for him."

A Hymn of Praise to God

12 I have more on my mind to express;
I am full like the full moon."

13 Listen to me, my faithful children, and blossom
like a rose growing by a stream of water."

14 Send out fragrance like incense,
and put forth blossoms like a lily."

Scatter the fragrance, and sing a hymn of praise;
bless the Lord for all his works."

15 Ascribe majesty to his name
and give thanks to him with praise,
with songs on your lips, and with harps;
this is what you shall say in thanksgiving:"

16 "All the works of the Lord are very good,
and whatever he commands will be done at the appointed time."

17 No one can say, "What is this?' or "Why is that?' -
for at the appointed time all such questions will be answered."

At his word the waters stood in a heap,
and the reservoirs of water at the word of his mouth."

18 When he commands, his every purpose is fulfilled,
and none can limit his saving power."

19 The works of all are before him,
and nothing can be hidden from his eyes."

20 From the beginning to the end of time he can see everything,
and nothing is too marvelous for him."

21 No one can say, "What is this?' or "Why is that?' -
for everything has been created for its own purpose."

22 "His blessing covers the dry land like a river,
and drenches it like a flood."

23 But his wrath drives out the nations,
as when he turned a watered land into salt."

24 To the faithful his ways are straight,
but full of pitfalls for the wicked."

25 From the beginning good things were created for the good,
but for sinners good things and bad."

26 The basic necessities of human life
are water and fire and iron and salt
and wheat flour and milk and honey,
the blood of the grape and oil and clothing."

27 All these are good for the godly,
but for sinners they turn into evils."

28 "There are winds created for vengeance,
and in their anger they can dislodge mountains;
on the day of reckoning they will pour out their strength
and calm the anger of their Maker."

29 Fire and hail and famine and pestilence,
all these have been created for vengeance;"

30 the fangs of wild animals and scorpions and vipers,
and the sword that punishes the ungodly with destruction."

31 They take delight in doing his bidding,
always ready for his service on earth;
and when their time comes they never disobey his command.""

32 So from the beginning I have been convinced of all this
and have thought it out and left it in writing:"

33 All the works of the Lord are good,
and he will supply every need in its time."

34 No one can say, "This is not as good as that,"
for everything proves good in its appointed time."

35 So now sing praise with all your heart and voice,
and bless the name of the Lord."

Chapter 40"

Wretchedness and Joys of Life

1 Hard work was created for everyone,
and a heavy yoke is laid on the children of Adam,
from the day they come forth from their mother's womb
until the day they return to the mother of all the living."

2 Perplexities and fear of heart are theirs,
and anxious thought of the day of their death."

3 From the one who sits on a splendid throne
to the one who grovels in dust and ashes,"

4 from the one who wears purple and a crown
to the one who is clothed in burlap,"

5 there is anger and envy and trouble and unrest,
and fear of death, and fury and strife."

And when one rests upon his bed,
his sleep at night confuses his mind."

6 He gets little or no rest;
he struggles in his sleep as he did by day."

He is troubled by the visions of his mind
like one who has escaped from the battlefield."

7 At the moment he reaches safety he wakes up,
astonished that his fears were groundless."

8 To all creatures, human and animal,
but to sinners seven times more,"

9 come death and bloodshed and strife and sword,
calamities and famine and ruin and plague."

10 All these were created for the wicked,
and on their account the flood came."

11 All that is of earth returns to earth,
and what is from above returns above."

Injustice Will Not Prosper

12 All bribery and injustice will be blotted out,
but good faith will last forever."

13 The wealth of the unjust will dry up like a river,
and crash like a loud clap of thunder in a storm."

14 As a generous person has cause to rejoice,
so lawbreakers will utterly fail."

15 The children of the ungodly put out few branches;
they are unhealthy roots on sheer rock."

16 The reeds by any water or river bank
are plucked up before any grass;"

17 but kindness is like a garden of blessings,
and almsgiving endures forever."

The Joys of Life

18 Wealth and wages make life sweet,
but better than either is finding a treasure."

19 Children and the building of a city establish one's name,
but better than either is the one who finds wisdom."

Cattle and orchards make one prosperous;
but a blameless wife is accounted better than either."

20 Wine and music gladden the heart,
but the love of friends is better than either."

21 The flute and the harp make sweet melody,
but a pleasant voice is better than either."

22 The eye desires grace and beauty,
but the green shoots of grain more than either."

23 A friend or companion is always welcome,
but a sensible wife is better than either."

24 Kindred and helpers are for a time of trouble,
but almsgiving rescues better than either."

25 Gold and silver make one stand firm,
but good counsel is esteemed more than either."

26 Riches and strength build up confidence,
but the fear of the Lord is better than either."

There is no want in the fear of the Lord,
and with it there is no need to seek for help."

27 The fear of the Lord is like a garden of blessing,
and covers a person better than any glory."

The Disgrace of Begging

28 My child, do not lead the life of a beggar;
it is better to die than to beg."

29 When one looks to the table of another,
one's way of life cannot be considered a life."

One loses self-respect with another person's food,
but one who is intelligent and well instructed guards against that."

30 In the mouth of the shameless begging is sweet,
but it kindles a fire inside him."

Chapter 41"

Concerning Death

1 O death, how bitter is the thought of you
to the one at peace among possessions,
who has nothing to worry about and is prosperous in everything,
and still is vigorous enough to enjoy food!"

2 O death, how welcome is your sentence
to one who is needy and failing in strength,
worn down by age and anxious about everything;
to one who is contrary, and has lost all patience!"

3 Do not fear death's decree for you;
remember those who went before you and those who will come after."

4 This is the Lord's decree for all flesh;
why then should you reject the will of the Most High?"

Whether life lasts for ten years or a hundred or a thousand,
there are no questions asked in Hades."

The Fate of the Wicked

5 The children of sinners are abominable children,
and they frequent the haunts of the ungodly."

6 The inheritance of the children of sinners will perish,
and on their offspring will be a perpetual disgrace."

7 Children will blame an ungodly father,
for they suffer disgrace because of him."

8 Woe to you, the ungodly,
who have forsaken the law of the Most High God!"

9 If you have children, calamity will be theirs;
you will beget them only for groaning."

When you stumble, there is lasting joy;
and when you die, a curse is your lot."

10 Whatever comes from earth returns to earth;
so the ungodly go from curse to destruction."

11 The human body is a fleeting thing,
but a virtuous name will never be blotted out."

12 Have regard for your name, since it will outlive you
longer than a thousand hoards of gold."

13 The days of a good life are numbered,
but a good name lasts forever."

True and False Shame

14 My children, be true to your training and be at peace;
hidden wisdom and unseen treasure -
of what value is either?"

15 Better are those who hide their folly
than those who hide their wisdom."

16 Therefore show respect for my words;
for it is not good to feel shame in every circumstance,
nor is every kind of abashment to be approved."

17 Be ashamed of sexual immorality, before your father or mother;
and of a lie, before a prince or a ruler;"

18 of a crime, before a judge or magistrate;
and of a breach of the law, before the congregation and the people;
of unjust dealing, before your partner or your friend;"

19 and of theft, in the place where you live."

Be ashamed of breaking an oath or agreement,
and of leaning on your elbow at meals;
of surliness in receiving or giving,"

20 and of silence, before those who greet you;
of looking at a prostitute,"

21 and of rejecting the appeal of a relative;
of taking away someone's portion or gift,
and of gazing at another man's wife;"

22 of meddling with his servant-girl -
and do not approach her bed;
of abusive words, before friends -
and do not be insulting after making a gift."

Chapter 42"

1 Be ashamed of repeating what you hear,
and of betraying secrets."

Then you will show proper shame,
and will find favour with everyone."

Of the following things do not be ashamed,
and do not sin to save face:"

2 Do not be ashamed of the law of the Most High and his covenant,
and of rendering judgment to acquit the ungodly;"

3 of keeping accounts with a partner or with traveling companions,
and of dividing the inheritance of friends;"

4 of accuracy with scales and weights,
and of acquiring much or little;"

5 of profit from dealing with merchants,
and of frequent disciplining of children,
and of drawing blood from the back of a wicked slave."

6 Where there is an untrustworthy wife, a seal is a good thing;
and where there are many hands, lock things up."

7 When you make a deposit, be sure it is counted and weighed,
and when you give or receive, put it all in writing."

8 Do not be ashamed to correct the stupid or foolish
or the aged who are guilty of sexual immorality."

Then you will show your sound training,
and will be approved by all."

Care of Daughters

9 A daughter is a secret anxiety to her father,
and worry over her robs him of sleep;
when she is young, for fear she may not marry,
or if married, for fear she may be disliked;"

10 while a virgin, for fear she may be seduced
and become pregnant in her father's house;
or having a husband, for fear she may go astray,
or, though married, for fear she may be barren."

11 Keep strict watch over a headstrong daughter,
or she may make you a laughingstock to your enemies,
a byword in the city and the assembly of the people,
and put you to shame in public gatherings."

See that there is no lattice in her room,
no spot that overlooks the approaches to the house."

12 Do not let her parade her beauty before any man,
or spend her time among married women;"

13 for from garments comes the moth,
and from a woman comes woman's wickedness."

14 Better is the wickedness of a man than a woman who does good;
it is woman who brings shame and disgrace."

The Works of God in Nature"

15 I will now call to mind the works of the Lord,
and will declare what I have seen."

By the word of the Lord his works are made;
and all his creatures do his will."

16 The sun looks down on everything with its light,
and the work of the Lord is full of his glory."

17 The Lord has not empowered even his holy ones
to recount all his marvelous works,
which the Lord the Almighty has established
so that the universe may stand firm in his glory."

18 He searches out the abyss and the human heart;
he understands their innermost secrets."

For the Most High knows all that may be known;
he sees from of old the things that are to come."

19 He discloses what has been and what is to be,
and he reveals the traces of hidden things."

20 No thought escapes him,
and nothing is hidden from him."

21 He has set in order the splendors of his wisdom;
he is from all eternity one and the same."

Nothing can be added or taken away,
and he needs no one to be his counselor."

22 How desirable are all his works,
and how sparkling they are to see!"

23 All these things live and remain forever;
each creature is preserved to meet a particular need."

24 All things come in pairs, one opposite the other,
and he has made nothing incomplete."

25 Each supplements the virtues of the other."

Who could ever tire of seeing his glory?"

Chapter 43"

The Splendor of the Sun

1 The pride of the higher realms is the clear vault of the sky,
as glorious to behold as the sight of the heavens."

2 The sun, when it appears, proclaims as it rises
what a marvelous instrument it is, the work of the Most High."

3 At noon it parches the land,
and who can withstand its burning heat?"

4 A man tending a furnace works in burning heat,
but three times as hot is the sun scorching the mountains;
it breathes out fiery vapors,
and its bright rays blind the eyes."

5 Great is the Lord who made it;
at his orders it hurries on its course."

The Splendor of the Moon

6 It is the moon that marks the changing seasons,
governing the times, their everlasting sign."

7 From the moon comes the sign for festal days,
a light that wanes when it completes its course."

8 The new moon, as its name suggests, renews itself;
how marvelous it is in this change,
a beacon to the hosts on high,
shining in the vault of the heavens!"

The Glory of the Stars and the Rainbow

9 The glory of the stars is the beauty of heaven,
a glittering array in the heights of the Lord."

10 On the orders of the Holy One they stand in their appointed places; they never relax in their watches."

11 Look at the rainbow, and praise him who made it;
it is exceedingly beautiful in its brightness."

12 It encircles the sky with its glorious arc;
the hands of the Most High have stretched it out."

The Marvels of Nature

13 By his command he sends the driving snow
and speeds the lightnings of his judgment."

14 Therefore the storehouses are opened,
and the clouds fly out like birds."

15 In his majesty he gives the clouds their strength,
and the hailstones are broken in pieces."

17a. The voice of his thunder rebukes the earth;"

16 when he appears, the mountains shake."

At his will the south wind blows;

17b. so do the storm from the north and the whirlwind."

He scatters the snow like birds flying down,
and its descent is like locusts alighting."

18 The eye is dazzled by the beauty of its whiteness,
and the mind is amazed as it falls."

19 He pours frost over the earth like salt,
and icicles form like pointed thorns."

20 The cold north wind blows,
and ice freezes on the water;
it settles on every pool of water,
and the water puts it on like a breastplate."

21 He consumes the mountains and burns up the wilderness,
and withers the tender grass like fire."

22 A mist quickly heals all things;
the falling dew gives refreshment from the heat."

23 By his plan he stilled the deep
and planted islands in it."

24 Those who sail the sea tell of its dangers,
and we marvel at what we hear."

25 In it are strange and marvelous creatures,
all kinds of living things, and huge sea-monsters."

26 Because of him each of his messengers succeeds,
and by his word all things hold together."

27 We could say more but could never say enough;
let the final word be: "He is the all.""

28 Where can we find the strength to praise him?
For he is greater than all his works."

29 Awesome is the Lord and very great,
and marvelous is his power."

30 Glorify the Lord and exalt him as much as you can,
for he surpasses even that."

When you exalt him, summon all your strength,
and do not grow weary, for you cannot praise him enough."

31 Who has seen him and can describe him?"

Or who can extol him as he is?"

32 Many things greater than these lie hidden,
for I have seen but few of his works."

33 For the Lord has made all things,
and to the godly he has given wisdom."

Chapter 44"

Remembering Our Ancestors

1 Let us now sing the praises of famous men,
our ancestors in their generations."

2 The Lord apportioned to them great glory,
his majesty from the beginning."

3 There were those who ruled in their kingdoms,
and made a name for themselves by their valor;
those who gave counsel because they were intelligent;
those who spoke in prophetic oracles;"

4 those who led the people by their counsels
and by their knowledge of the people's lore;
they were wise in their words of instruction;"

5 those who composed musical tunes,
or put verses in writing;"

6 rich men endowed with resources,
living peacefully in their homes -"

7 all these were honoured in their generations,
and were the pride of their times."

8 Some of them have left behind a name,
so that others declare their praise."

9 But of others there is no memory;
they have perished as though they had never existed;
they have become as though they had never been born,
they and their children after them."

10 But these also were godly men,
whose righteous deeds have not been forgotten;"

11 their wealth will remain with their descendants,
and their inheritance with their children's children."

12 Their descendants stand by the covenants;
their children also, for their sake."

13 Their offspring will continue forever,
and their glory will never be blotted out."

14 Their bodies are buried in peace,
but their name lives on generation after generation."

15 The assembly declares their wisdom,
and the congregation proclaims their praise."

The Early Patriarchs

16 Enoch pleased the Lord and was taken up,
an example of repentance to all generations."

17 Noah was found perfect and righteous;
in the time of wrath he kept the race alive;
therefore a remnant was left on the earth
when the flood came."

18 Everlasting covenants were made with him
that all flesh should never again be blotted out by a flood."

19 Abraham was the great father of a multitude of nations,
and no one has been found like him in glory."

20 He kept the law of the Most High,
and entered into a covenant with him;
he certified the covenant in his flesh,
and when he was tested he proved faithful."

21 Therefore the Lord assured him with an oath
that the nations would be blessed through his offspring;
that he would make him as numerous as the dust of the earth,
and exalt his offspring like the stars,
and give them an inheritance from sea to sea
and from the Euphrates to the ends of the earth."

22 To Isaac also he gave the same assurance
for the sake of his father Abraham."

The blessing of all people and the covenant"

23 he made to rest on the head of Jacob;
he acknowledged him with his blessings,
and gave him his inheritance;
he divided his portions,
and distributed them among twelve tribes."

Moses, Aaron, Phinehas

24 From his descendants the Lord brought forth a godly man,
who found favour in the sight of all"

Chapter 45"

1and was beloved by God and people,
Moses, whose memory is blessed."

2 He made him equal in glory to the holy ones,
and made him great, to the terror of his enemies."

3 By his words he performed swift miracles;
the Lord glorified him in the presence of kings."

He gave him commandments for his people,
and revealed to him his glory."

4 For his faithfulness and meekness he consecrated him,
choosing him out of all humankind."

5 He allowed him to hear his voice,
and led him into the dark cloud,
and gave him the commandments face to face,
the law of life and knowledge,
so that he might teach Jacob the covenant,
and Israel his decrees."

Aaron

6 He exalted Aaron, a holy man like Moses
who was his brother, of the tribe of Levi."

7 He made an everlasting covenant with him,
and gave him the priesthood of the people."

He blessed him with stateliness,
and put a glorious robe on him."

8 He clothed him in perfect splendor,
and strengthened him with the symbols of authority,
the linen undergarments, the long robe, and the ephod."

9 And he encircled him with pomegranates,
with many golden bells all around,
to send forth a sound as he walked,
to make their ringing heard in the temple
as a reminder to his people;"

10 with the sacred vestment, of gold and violet
and purple, the work of an embroiderer;
with the oracle of judgment, Urim and Thummim;"

11 with twisted crimson, the work of an artisan;
with precious stones engraved like seals,
in a setting of gold, the work of a jeweler,
to commemorate in engraved letters
each of the tribes of Israel;"

12 with a gold crown upon his turban,
inscribed like a seal with "Holiness,"
a distinction to be prized, the work of an expert,
a delight to the eyes, richly adorned."

13 Before him such beautiful things did not exist."

No outsider ever put them on,
but only his sons
and his descendants in perpetuity."

14 His sacrifices shall be wholly burned
twice every day continually."

15 Moses ordained him,
and anointed him with holy oil;
it was an everlasting covenant for him
and for his descendants as long as the heavens endure,
to minister to the Lord and serve as priest
and bless his people in his name."

16 He chose him out of all the living
to offer sacrifice to the Lord,
incense and a pleasing odor as a memorial portion,
to make atonement for the people."

17 In his commandments he gave him
authority and statutes and judgments,
to teach Jacob the testimonies,
and to enlighten Israel with his law."

18 Outsiders conspired against him,
and envied him in the wilderness,"

Dathan and Abiram and their followers
and the company of Korah, in wrath and anger."

19 The Lord saw it and was not pleased,
and in the heat of his anger they were destroyed;
he performed wonders against them
to consume them in flaming fire."

20 He added glory to Aaron
and gave him a heritage;
he allotted to him the best of the first fruits,
and prepared bread of first fruits in abundance;"

21 for they eat the sacrifices of the Lord,
which he gave to him and his descendants."

22 But in the land of the people he has no inheritance,
and he has no portion among the people;
for the Lord himself is his portion and inheritance."

Phinehas

23 Phinehas son of Eleazar ranks third in glory
for being zealous in the fear of the Lord,
and standing firm, when the people turned away,
in the noble courage of his soul;
and he made atonement for Israel."

24 Therefore a covenant of friendship was established with him,
that he should be leader of the sanctuary and of his people,
that he and his descendants should have
the dignity of the priesthood forever."

25 Just as a covenant was established with David
son of Jesse of the tribe of Judah,
that the king's heritage passes only from son to son,
so the heritage of Aaron is for his descendants alone."

26 And now bless the Lord
who has crowned you with glory."

May the Lord grant you wisdom of mind
to judge his people with justice,
so that their prosperity may not vanish,
and that their glory may endure through all their generations."

Chapter 46"

Joshua, Caleb, the Judges, Samuel

1 Joshua son of Nun was mighty in war,
and was the successor of Moses in the prophetic office."

He became, as his name implies,
a great saviour of God's elect,
to take vengeance on the enemies that rose against them,
so that he might give Israel its inheritance."

2 How glorious he was when he lifted his hands
and brandished his sword against the cities!"

3 Who before him ever stood so firm?"

For he waged the wars of the Lord."

4 Was it not through him that the sun stood still
and one day became as long as two?"

5 He called upon the Most High, the Mighty One,
when enemies pressed him on every side,
and the great Lord answered him
with hailstones of mighty power."

6 He overwhelmed that nation in battle,
and on the slope he destroyed his opponents,
so that the nations might know his armament,
that he was fighting in the sight of the Lord;
for he was a devoted follower of the Mighty One."

7 And in the days of Moses he proved his loyalty,
he and Caleb son of Jephunneh:
they opposed the congregation,
restrained the people from sin,
and stilled their wicked grumbling."

8 And these two alone were spared
out of six hundred thousand infantry,
to lead the people into their inheritance,
the land flowing with milk and honey."

9 The Lord gave Caleb strength,
which remained with him in his old age,
so that he went up to the hill country,
and his children obtained it for an inheritance,"

10 so that all the Israelites might see
how good it is to follow the Lord."

The Judges

11 The judges also, with their respective names,
whose hearts did not fall into idolatry
and who did not turn away from the Lord -
may their memory be blessed!"

12 May their bones send forth new life from where they lie,
and may the names of those who have been honoured
live again in their children!"

13 Samuel was beloved by his Lord;
a prophet of the Lord, he established the kingdom
and anointed rulers over his people."

14 By the law of the Lord he judged the congregation,
and the Lord watched over Jacob."

15 By his faithfulness he was proved to be a prophet,
and by his words he became known as a trustworthy seer."

16 He called upon the Lord, the Mighty One,
when his enemies pressed him on every side,
and he offered in sacrifice a suckling lamb."

17 Then the Lord thundered from heaven,
and made his voice heard with a mighty sound;"

18 he subdued the leaders of the enemy
and all the rulers of the Philistines."

19 Before the time of his eternal sleep,
Samuel bore witness before the Lord and his anointed:
"No property, not so much as a pair of shoes,
have I taken from anyone!"
And no one accused him."

20 Even after he had fallen asleep, he prophesied
and made known to the king his death,
and lifted up his voice from the ground
in prophecy, to blot out the wickedness of the people."

Chapter 47"

Nathan, David, Solomon

1 After him Nathan rose up
to prophesy in the days of David."

2 As the fat is set apart from the offering of well-being,
so David was set apart from the Israelites."

3 He played with lions as though they were young goats,
and with bears as though they were lambs of the flock."

4 In his youth did he not kill a giant,
and take away the people's disgrace,
when he whirled the stone in the sling
and struck down the boasting Goliath?"

5 For he called on the Lord, the Most High,
and he gave strength to his right arm
to strike down a mighty warrior,
and to exalt the power of his people."

6 So they glorified him for the tens of thousands he conquered,
and praised him for the blessings bestowed by the Lord,
when the glorious diadem was given to him."

7 For he wiped out his enemies on every side,
and annihilated his adversaries the Philistines;
he crushed their power to our own day."

8 In all that he did he gave thanks
to the Holy One, the Most High, proclaiming his glory;
he sang praise with all his heart,
and he loved his Maker."

9 He placed singers before the altar,
to make sweet melody with their voices."

10 He gave beauty to the festivals,
and arranged their times throughout the year,
while they praised God's holy name,
and the sanctuary resounded from early morning."

11 The Lord took away his sins,
and exalted his power forever;
he gave him a covenant of kingship
and a glorious throne in Israel."

Solomon

12 After him a wise son rose up
who because of him lived in security:"

13 Solomon reigned in an age of peace,
because God made all his borders tranquil,
so that he might build a house in his name
and provide a sanctuary to stand forever."

14 How wise you were when you were young!"

You overflowed like the Nile with understanding."

15 Your influence spread throughout the earth,
and you filled it with proverbs having deep meaning."

16 Your fame reached to far-off islands,
and you were loved for your peaceful reign."

17 Your songs, proverbs, and parables,
and the answers you gave astounded the nations."

18 In the name of the Lord God,
who is called the God of Israel,
you gathered gold like tin
and amassed silver like lead."

19 But you brought in women to lie at your side,
and through your body you were brought into subjection."

20 You stained your honour,
and defiled your family line,
so that you brought wrath upon your children,
and they were grieved at your folly,"

21 because the sovereignty was divided
and a rebel kingdom arose out of Ephraim."

22 But the Lord will never give up his mercy,
or cause any of his works to perish;
he will never blot out the descendants of his chosen one,
or destroy the family line of him who loved him."

So he gave a remnant to Jacob,
and to David a root from his own family."

Rehoboam and Jeroboam

23 Solomon rested with his ancestors,
and left behind him one of his sons,
broad in folly and lacking in sense,
Rehoboam, whose policy drove the people to revolt."

Then Jeroboam son of Nebat led Israel into sin
and started Ephraim on its sinful ways."

24 Their sins increased more and more,
until they were exiled from their land."

25 For they sought out every kind of wickedness,
until vengeance came upon them."

Chapter 48"

Elijah

1 Then Elijah arose, a prophet like fire,
and his word burned like a torch."

2 He brought a famine upon them,
and by his zeal he made them few in number."

3 By the word of the Lord he shut up the heavens,
and also three times brought down fire."

4 How glorious you were, Elijah, in your wondrous deeds!
Whose glory is equal to yours?"

5 You raised a corpse from death
and from Hades, by the word of the Most High."

6 You sent kings down to destruction,
and famous men, from their sickbeds."

7 You heard rebuke at Sinai
and judgments of vengeance at Horeb."

8 You anointed kings to inflict retribution,
and prophets to succeed you."

9 You were taken up by a whirlwind of fire,
in a chariot with horses of fire."

10 At the appointed time, it is written, you are destined
to calm the wrath of God before it breaks out in fury,
to turn the hearts of parents to their children,
and to restore the tribes of Jacob."

11 Happy are those who saw you
and were adorned with your love!
For we also shall surely live."

Elisha

12 When Elijah was enveloped in the whirlwind,"

Elisha was filled with his spirit."

He performed twice as many signs,
and marvels with every utterance of his mouth."

Never in his lifetime did he tremble before any ruler,
nor could anyone intimidate him at all."

13 Nothing was too hard for him,
and when he was dead, his body prophesied."

14 In his life he did wonders,
and in death his deeds were marvelous."

15 Despite all this the people did not repent,
nor did they forsake their sins,
until they were carried off as plunder from their land,
and were scattered over all the earth."

The people were left very few in number,
but with a ruler from the house of David."

16 Some of them did what was right,
but others sinned more and more."

Hezekiah

17 Hezekiah fortified his city,
and brought water into its midst;
he tunneled the rock with iron tools,
and built cisterns for the water."

18 In his days Sennacherib invaded the country;
he sent his commander and departed;
he shook his fist against Zion,
and made great boasts in his arrogance."

19 Then their hearts were shaken and their hands trembled,
and they were in anguish, like women in labour."

20 But they called upon the Lord who is merciful,
spreading out their hands toward him."

The Holy One quickly heard them from heaven,
and delivered them through Isaiah."

21 The Lord struck down the camp of the Assyrians,
and his angel wiped them out."

22 For Hezekiah did what was pleasing to the Lord,
and he kept firmly to the ways of his ancestor David,
as he was commanded by the prophet Isaiah,
who was great and trustworthy in his visions."

Isaiah

23 In Isaiah's days the sun went backward,
and he prolonged the life of the king."

24 By his dauntless spirit he saw the future,
and comforted the mourners in Zion."

25 He revealed what was to occur to the end of time,
and the hidden things before they happened."

Chapter 49"

Josiah and Inspirational Prophets

1 The name of Josiah is like blended incense
prepared by the skill of the perfumer;
his memory is as sweet as honey to every mouth,
and like music at a banquet of wine."

2 He did what was right by reforming the people,
and removing the wicked abominations."

3 He kept his heart fixed on the Lord;
in lawless times he made godliness prevail."

4 Except for David and Hezekiah and Josiah,
all of them were great sinners,
for they abandoned the law of the Most High;
the kings of Judah came to an end."

5 They gave their power to others,
and their glory to a foreign nation,"

6 who set fire to the chosen city of the sanctuary,
and made its streets desolate,
as Jeremiah had foretold."

7 For they had mistreated him,
who even in the womb had been consecrated a prophet,
to pluck up and ruin and destroy,
and likewise to build and to plant."

8 It was Ezekiel who saw the vision of glory,
which God showed him above the chariot of the cherubim."

9 For God also mentioned Job
who held fast to all the ways of justice."

10 May the bones of the Twelve Prophets
send forth new life from where they lie,
for they comforted the people of Jacob
and delivered them with confident hope."

11 How shall we magnify Zerubbabel?"

He was like a signet ring on the right hand,"

12 and so was Jeshua son of Jozadak;
in their days they built the house
and raised a temple holy to the Lord,
destined for everlasting glory."

13 The memory of Nehemiah also is lasting;
he raised our fallen walls,
and set up gates and bars,
and rebuilt our ruined houses."

Retrospect

14 Few have ever been created on earth like Enoch,
for he was taken up from the earth."

15 Nor was anyone ever born like Joseph;
even his bones were cared for."

16 Shem and Seth and Enosh were honoured,
but above every other created living being was Adam."

Chapter 50"

Simon Son of Onias

1 The leader of his brothers and the pride of his people
was the high priest, Simon son of Onias,
who in his life repaired the house,
and in his time fortified the temple."

2 He laid the foundations for the high double walls,
the high retaining walls for the temple enclosure."

3 In his days a water cistern was dug,
a reservoir like the sea in circumference."

4 He considered how to save his people from ruin,
and fortified the city against siege."

5 How glorious he was, surrounded by the people,
as he came out of the house of the curtain."

6 Like the morning star among the clouds,
like the full moon at the festal season;"

7 like the sun shining on the temple of the Most High,
like the rainbow gleaming in splendid clouds;"

8 like roses in the days of first fruits,
like lilies by a spring of water,
like a green shoot on Lebanon on a summer day;"

9 like fire and incense in the censer,
like a vessel of hammered gold
studded with all kinds of precious stones;"

10 like an olive tree laden with fruit,
and like a cypress towering in the clouds."

11 When he put on his glorious robe
and clothed himself in perfect splendor,
when he went up to the holy altar,
he made the court of the sanctuary glorious."

12 When he received the portions from the hands of the priests,
as he stood by the hearth of the altar
with a garland of brothers around him,
he was like a young cedar on Lebanon
surrounded by the trunks of palm trees."

13 All the sons of Aaron in their splendor
held the Lord's offering in their hands
before the whole congregation of Israel."

14 Finishing the service at the altars,
and arranging the offering to the Most High, the Almighty,"

15 he held out his hand for the cup
and poured a drink offering of the blood of the grape;
he poured it out at the foot of the altar,
a pleasing odor to the Most High, the king of all."

16 Then the sons of Aaron shouted;
they blew their trumpets of hammered metal;
they sounded a mighty fanfare
as a reminder before the Most High."

17 Then all the people together quickly
fell to the ground on their faces
to worship their Lord,
the Almighty, God Most High."

18 Then the singers praised him with their voices
in sweet and full-toned melody."

19 And the people of the Lord Most High offered
their prayers before the merciful One,
until the order of worship of the Lord was ended,
and they completed his ritual."

20 Then Simon came down and raised his hands
over the whole congregation of Israelites,
to pronounce the blessing of the Lord with his lips,
and to glory in his name;"

21 and they bowed down in worship a second time,
to receive the blessing from the Most High."

A Benediction

22 And now bless the God of all,
who everywhere works great wonders,
who fosters our growth from birth,
and deals with us according to his mercy."

23 May he give us gladness of heart,
and may there be peace in our days
in Israel, as in the days of old."

24 May he entrust to us his mercy,
and may he deliver us in our days!"

Epilogue

25 Two nations my soul detests,
and the third is not even a people:"

26 Those who live in Seir, and the Philistines,
and the foolish people that live in Shechem."

27 Instruction in understanding and knowledge"

I have written in this book,"

Jesus son of Eleazar son of Sirach of Jerusalem,
whose mind poured forth wisdom."

28 Happy are those who concern themselves with these things,
and those who lay them to heart will become wise."

29 For if they put them into practice, they will be equal to anything,
for the fear of the Lord is their path."

Chapter 51"

Prayer of Jesus Son of Sirach.

1 I give you thanks, O Lord and King,
and praise you, O God my Savior."

I give thanks to your name,"

2 for you have been my protector and helper
and have delivered me from destruction
and from the trap laid by a slanderous tongue,
from lips that fabricate lies."

In the face of my adversaries
you have been my helper"

3 and delivered me,
in the greatness of your mercy and of your name,
from grinding teeth about to devour me,
from the hand of those seeking my life,
from the many troubles I endured,"

4 from choking fire on every side,
and from the midst of fire that I had not kindled,"

5 from the deep belly of Hades,
from an unclean tongue and lying words - "

6 the slander of an unrighteous tongue to the king."

My soul drew near to death,
and my life was on the brink of Hades below."

7 They surrounded me on every side,
and there was no one to help me;"

I looked for human assistance,
and there was none."

8 Then I remembered your mercy, O Lord,
and your kindness from of old,
for you rescue those who wait for you
and save them from the hand of their enemies."

9 And I sent up my prayer from the earth,
and begged for rescue from death."

10 I cried out, "Lord, you are my Father;
do not forsake me in the days of trouble,
when there is no help against the proud."

11 I will praise your name continually,
and will sing hymns of thanksgiving."
My prayer was heard,"

12 for you saved me from destruction
and rescued me in time of trouble."

For this reason I thank you and praise you,
and I bless the name of the Lord."

Autobiographical Poem on Wisdom

13 While I was still young, before I went on my travels,"

I sought wisdom openly in my prayer."

14 Before the temple I asked for her,
and I will search for her until the end."

15 From the first blossom to the ripening grape
my heart delighted in her;
my foot walked on the straight path;
from my youth I followed her steps."

16 I inclined my ear a little and received her,
and I found for myself much instruction."

17 I made progress in her;
to him who gives wisdom I will give glory."

18 For I resolved to live according to wisdom,
and I was zealous for the good,
and I shall never be disappointed."

19 My soul grappled with wisdom,
and in my conduct I was strict;"

I spread out my hands to the heavens,
and lamented my ignorance of her."

20 I directed my soul to her,
and in purity I found her."

With her I gained understanding from the first;
therefore I will never be forsaken."

21 My heart was stirred to seek her;
therefore I have gained a prize possession."

22 The Lord gave me my tongue as a reward,
and I will praise him with it."

23 Draw near to me, you who are uneducated,
and lodge in the house of instruction."

24 Why do you say you are lacking in these things,
and why do you endure such great thirst?"

25 I opened my mouth and said,
Acquire wisdom for yourselves without money."

26 Put your neck under her yoke,
and let your souls receive instruction;
it is to be found close by."

27 See with your own eyes that I have laboured but little
and found for myself much serenity."

28 Hear but a little of my instruction,
and through me you will acquire silver and gold."

29 May your soul rejoice in God's mercy,
and may you never be ashamed to praise him."

30 Do your work in good time,
and in his own time God will give you your reward."

Prologue.